Editing Freedom to roam (section)

=====Sweden=====
In [[Sweden]] {{lang|sv|allemansrätten}} (lit. "the everyman's right") is a freedom granted by the [[Constitution of Sweden]]. Since 1994 the Instrument of Government says that notwithstanding the right to own property "everyone shall have access to nature in accordance with ''allemansrätten''".<ref name="regeringsformen2kap">[http://www.riksdagen.se/templates/R_PageExtended____6074.aspx Regeringsformen. 2 kap, Grundläggande fri- och rättigheter §&nbsp;18] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714213405/http://www.riksdagen.se/templates/R_PageExtended____6074.aspx |date=2007-07-14 }}, Regeringen {{in lang|sv}} "Alla skall ha tillgång till naturen enligt allemansrätten oberoende av vad som föreskrivits ovan."</ref> What this means is not further explicated on in the constitution, and only sparsely in other legislation.<ref name="NaturBB">{{Cite book |last=Bertil Bengtsson |url=http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Documents/publikationer/620-8161-6.pdf |title=Allemansrätten – Vad säger lagen? |publisher=[[Environmental Protection Agency (Sweden)|Naturvårdsverket]] |year=2004 |isbn=91-620-8161-6 |page=7 |language=sv |quote=Men inget sägs om vad den rätten närmare är för något. Inte heller annan lagstiftning ger klart besked om detta.}}</ref> In practice, ''allemansrätten'' is defined as actions that are not crimes, will not make a person liable to pay [[damages]], nor can be prohibited by any authority.<ref>Ebbesson, Jonas (2003):''Miljörätt''.{{ISBN|91-7678-526-2}}</ref> As in other Nordic countries, the Swedish right to roam comes with an equal emphasis being placed upon the responsibility to look after the countryside; the maxim is "do not disturb, do not destroy". Many Swedish people consider this to be a form of legacy or human right.

''Allemansrätten'' gives a person the right to access, walk, cycle, ride, ski, and camp on any land—with the exception of private gardens, the immediate vicinity of a dwelling house and land under cultivation. Restrictions apply for [[nature reserve]]s and other protected areas. It also gives the right to pick wild flowers, mushrooms and berries (provided they are not legally protected), but not to hunt in any way. Swimming in any lake and putting an unpowered boat on any water is permitted unless explicitly forbidden. Visiting beaches and walking by a shoreline is permitted, providing it is not a part of a garden or within the immediate vicinity of a residence (legally defined as the ''hemfridszon''). The ''hemfridszon's'' size depends on conditions but can be as large as 70 metres from an ordinary dwelling house.<ref name="NaturBB" /> To better protect access to water and the right to walk along beaches, it is since 1975 generally not permitted to build a new house near (generally 100 m) from a beach and/or shoreline.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lagen.nu/1998:808#K7 |title=Miljöbalk (1998:808) (MB) |publisher=Lagen.nu |access-date=2011-09-29}}</ref>

Fishing remains essentially private—apart from on the biggest five lakes and the coast of the [[Baltic Sea]], [[Öresund|the Sound]], [[Kattegat]] and [[Skagerrak]]. It is permitted to drive a car on a private road unless explicitly signposted otherwise. Small camp fires are generally permitted, but in some periods banned by local authorities due to wild fire risk. It is allowed to put up a tent on any uncultivated land for a night or two.<ref name="NaturUnique">{{Cite web |url=http://www.swedishepa.se/Documents/publikationer6400/978-91-620-8522-3.pdf |title=Allemansrätten, Right of public access – a unique opportunity |publisher=Naturvardsverket.se |access-date=2012-11-09}}</ref> There has been some controversy on commercial use of the berry picking rights, when companies legally contract people to pick berries in the forests.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.economist.com/node/21559956 |title=Berrypickers, unite! |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |access-date=2016-05-21 |issn=0013-0613}}</ref>

Building a fire is generally permitted except on bare rock faces where it can lead to cracking. Municipalities can issue fire bans during dry periods.

With a motorhome or camper, you can park and spend the night anywhere parking is allowed, including along public roads. Driving off-road with caravans and mobile homes is not permitted. At rest areas, the usual maximum stay for overnight stays is around 24 hours on weekdays, with slightly longer durations on weekends. Additional rules will be posted on rest area signs. There are no specific regulations regarding how long you can park your motor vehicle adjacent to a non-off-road road.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.naturvardsverket.se/amnesomraden/friluftsliv/motortrafik-i-naturen/husvagn-och-husbil-i-naturen/ | title=Husvagn och husbil i naturen }}</ref>

Exercise of the rights is overseen by the [[County Administrative Boards of Sweden|County Administrative Boards]]—which can, for example, force the removal of a fence if it obstructs access to areas that are important to the ''allemansrätt''.<ref name="NaturBB" />