Editing Grammar school (section)

===Canada===
[[File:Galt Collegiate NE corner.jpg|right|thumb|Galt Grammar School (1852) (now [[Galt Collegiate Institute and Vocational School|Galt Collegiate Institute]])]]
Grammar schools provided secondary education in [[Ontario]] until 1871.
The first lieutenant-governor of [[Upper Canada]], [[John Graves Simcoe]], advocated grammar schools for the colony to save the wealthy from sending their sons to the United States to be educated, but he was unable to convince his superiors in [[London]].
He, however, made a grant enabling John Stuart to set up [[Kingston Collegiate and Vocational Institute|Kingston Grammar School]] in 1795.<ref>{{cite book
| title     = Inventing secondary education: the rise of the high school in nineteenth-century Ontario
| first1    = Robert Douglas | last1 = Gidney
| first2    = Winnifred Phoebe Joyce | last2 = Millar
| publisher = McGill-Queen's Press | year = 1990
| isbn      = 978-0-7735-0746-3
| pages     = 80–81
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| title      = Stuart, John
| work       = Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
| year       = 2000 | publisher =University of Toronto/Université Laval
| url        = http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?BioId=36799
| access-date = 15 April 2010
}}</ref>
After several abortive attempts to raise funding, the District Schools Act of 1807 provided support for one grammar school teacher in each district, of which there were then eight, but they were then left to their own devices.

Finding the grammar schools unsuitable as preparation for university, Lieutenant-Governor [[Sir John Colborne]] founded [[Upper Canada College]] as a superior grammar school.<ref>Gidney and Millar, pp. 82–84.</ref>
Legislation in 1839 allowed for more than one grammar school in a district, triggering a rapid but unstructured growth in numbers over the following two decades to 86 in 1861. The schools became more independent of the [[Church of England]] and began to admit girls However, the schools were unsupervised, often underfunded and of varying standards. Some, like [[Galt Collegiate Institute and Vocational School|Tassie's School]], in [[Galt, Ontario|Galt]], provided a traditional classical education, but many provided a basic education of poor quality.<ref>Gidney and Millar, pp. 86–114.</ref>

Chief Superintendent of Education [[Egerton Ryerson]] attempted to reform the schools in the 1850s and the 1860s by moving control of the schools from counties (the former districts) to city authorities, securing their funding and introducing inspectors. However, his efforts to convert the schools into classical schools for only boys were unsuccessful.<ref>Gidney and Millar, pp. 150–174.</ref>
In recognition of the broad curricula offered, grammar schools were redesignated as [[secondary school]] by the Act to Improve the Common and Grammar Schools of the Province of Ontario of 1871.<ref>{{cite web
 |title=Public School Boards: Reorganization, Division, Consolidation and Growth 
 |publisher=Archives of Ontario 
 |url=https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/on-line-exhibits/education/legislation.aspx 
 |access-date=25 May 2010 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510024355/http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/on-line-exhibits/education/legislation.aspx 
 |archive-date=10 May 2010
}}</ref> Schools that offered classical studies were given additional funding and operated as [[collegiate institute#Canada|collegiate institutes]].<ref>Gidney and Millar, pp. 196–198.</ref> The secondary–school collegiate–institute system was also emulated in several other provinces in [[Western Canada]].