Editing Grasshopper (section)

===Anti-predator defences===
{{further|Anti-predator adaptation}}

Grasshoppers exemplify a range of [[anti-predator adaptation]]s, enabling them to avoid detection, to escape if detected, and in some cases to avoid being eaten if captured. Grasshoppers are often [[camouflage]]d to avoid detection by predators that hunt by sight; some species can change their coloration to suit their surroundings.<ref>Cott, pp. 25–26</ref>

Several species such as the hooded leaf grasshopper ''[[Phyllochoreia|Phyllochoreia ramakrishnai]]'' (Eumastacoidea) are detailed [[mimicry|mimics]] of leaves. Stick grasshoppers (Proscopiidae) mimic wooden sticks in form and coloration.<ref>{{cite book|author=Hogue, C.L.|year=1993|title=Latin American Insects and Entomology|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_3CTf8bnlndwC|publisher=University of California Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_3CTf8bnlndwC/page/n178 167]|isbn=978-0520078499}}</ref> Grasshoppers often have [[deimatic]] patterns on their wings, giving a sudden flash of bright colours that may startle predators long enough to give time to escape in a combination of jump and flight.<ref name=Cott378>Cott, p. 378</ref>

Some species are genuinely [[aposematic]], having both bright warning coloration and sufficient toxicity to dissuade predators. ''[[Dictyophorus productus]]'' (Pyrgomorphidae) is a "heavy, bloated, sluggish insect" that makes no attempt to hide; it has a bright red abdomen. A ''[[Cercopithecus]]'' monkey that ate other grasshoppers refused to eat the species.<ref>Cott, p. 291</ref> Another species, the rainbow or painted grasshopper of Arizona, ''[[Dactylotum bicolor]]'' (Acridoidea), has been shown by experiment with a natural predator, the [[little striped whiptail]] lizard, to be aposematic.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McGovern |first1=George M. |last2=Mitchell |first2=Joseph C. |last3=Knisley |first3=C. Barry |title=Field Experiments on Prey Selection by the Whiptail Lizard, Cnemidophorus inornatus, in Arizona |journal=Journal of Herpetology |date=1984 |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=347–349 |jstor=1564093 |doi=10.2307/1564093}}</ref>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths="150px">

Atractomorpha lata, Burdwan, West Bengal, India 27 10 2012.jpg|Gaudy grasshopper, ''[[Atractomorpha (grasshopper)|Atractomorpha lata]]'', evades predators with [[camouflage]].
Titanacris Albipes Vol.jpg|Lubber grasshopper, ''[[Titanacris albipes]]'', has [[deimatic]]ally coloured wings, used to startle predators.
LeafGrasshopper.jpg|Leaf grasshopper, ''[[Phyllochoreia|Phyllochoreia ramakrishnai]]'', [[mimicry|mimics]] a green leaf.
Dactylotum bicolor.jpg|Painted grasshopper, ''[[Dactylotum bicolor]]'', deters predators with [[warning coloration]].
Aularches miliaris at Mangunan Orchard, Dlingo, Bantul, Yogyakarta 07.jpg|Spotted grasshopper, ''[[Aularches miliaris]]'', defends itself with toxic foam and warning colours.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Hingston, R.W.G. | year=1927 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2311.1927.tb00060.x |title=The liquid-squirting habit of oriental grasshoppers| journal=Transactions of the Entomological Society of London |volume=75 |pages=65–69}}</ref>
</gallery>