Editing MIT Media Lab (section)

== Outputs and spin-offs ==
Some media lab-developed technologies made it into products or public software packages, such as the {{Citation needed-span|date=June 2014|text=[[Lego Mindstorms]], LEGO WeDo and the [[pointing stick]] in IBM laptop keyboards}}, the [[Benton hologram]] used in most credit cards, the Fisher-Price's Symphony Painter,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/symphonypainter |title=Media.MIT.edu |access-date=2011-10-23 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805060226/http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/symphonypainter |archive-date=2012-08-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the Nortel Wireless Mesh Network,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/nortel |title=Media.MIT.edu |access-date=2011-10-23 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805112346/http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/nortel |archive-date=2012-08-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the NTT Comware Sensetable,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/ntt |title=Media.MIT.edu |access-date=2011-10-23 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120804164709/http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/ntt |archive-date=2012-08-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the Taito's Karaoke-on-Demand Machine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/taito |title=Media.MIT.edu |access-date=2011-10-23 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805052039/http://www.media.mit.edu/sponsorship/getting-value/collaborations/taito |archive-date=2012-08-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  A 1994 device called the Sensor Chair used to control a musical orchestra was adapted by several car manufacturers into capacitive sensors to prevent dangerous [[airbag]] deployments.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sensor.cs.washington.edu/jrs.html | title=Joshua R. Smith, Ph.D | access-date=2016-02-11 | archive-date=2018-11-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106053405/https://sensor.cs.washington.edu/jrs.html | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://resenv.media.mit.edu/pubs/papers/2003-05-JoeP-NIME03-final.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>

The MPEG-4 SA project developed at the Media Lab made [[structured audio]] a practical reality<ref>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209080817/http://sound.media.mit.edu/mpeg4/sa-intro.html|archive-date=2007-12-09|title=MPEG-4 Structured Audio|url=http://sound.media.mit.edu/mpeg4/sa-intro.html}}</ref> and the [[Aspen Movie Map]] was the precursor to the ideas in [[Google Street View]].

In 2001, two research centers were spun off: [[Media Lab Asia]] and [[Media Lab Europe]]. Media Lab Asia, based in [[India]], was a result of cooperation with the [[Government of India]] but eventually broke off in 2003 after a disagreement. Media Lab Europe, based in [[Dublin]], [[Ireland]], was founded with a similar concept in association with [[List of higher education institutions in the Republic of Ireland|Irish universities]] and [[Irish Government|government]], and closed in January 2005.

Created collaboratively by the Computer Museum and the media lab, the Computer Clubhouse, a worldwide network of after-school learning centers, focuses on youth from underserved communities who would not otherwise have access to technological tools and activities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.computerclubhouse.org/ |title=Computerclubhouse.org |access-date=2011-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511193636/http://www.computerclubhouse.org/ |archive-date=2011-05-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Launched in 2003, [[Scratch (programming language)|Scratch]]<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Mitchel |last1=Resnick |first2=John |last2=Maloney |first3=Andrés |last3=Hernández |first4=Natalie |last4=Rusk|author-link4=Natalie Rusk |first5=Evelyn |last5=Eastmond |first6=Karen |last6=Brennan |first7=Amon |last7=Millner |first8=Eric |last8=Rosenbaum |first9=Jay |last9=Silver |first10=Brian |last10=Silverman |first11=Yasmin |last11=Kafai |title=Scratch: Programming for All |url=https://web.media.mit.edu/~mres/papers/Scratch-CACM-final.pdf|journal=Communications of the ACM |volume=52 |issue=11 |pages=60–67 |year=2009 |doi=10.1145/1592761.1592779|s2cid=9390203 }}</ref> is a block-based programming language and community developed for children 8–16, and used by people of all ages to learn programming.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Shapiro|first1=Jordan|title=Your Five Year Old Can Learn To Code With An IPad App|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jordanshapiro/2014/08/06/your-five-year-old-can-learn-to-code-with-an-ipad-app/|magazine=Forbes}}</ref> Millions of people have created Scratch projects in a wide variety of settings, including homes, schools, museums, libraries, and community centers.

In January 2005, the lab's chairman emeritus [[Nicholas Negroponte]] announced at the [[World Economic Forum]] a new research initiative to develop a [[XO-1 (laptop)|$100 laptop]] computer. A non-profit organization, [[One Laptop per Child]], was created to oversee the actual deployment, MIT did not manufacture or distribute the device.

The Synthetic Neurobiology group created reagents and devices for the analysis of brain circuits are in use by hundreds of biology labs around the world.

In 2011, [[Ramesh Raskar]]'s group published their [[femto-photography]] technique, that is able to image the movement of individual light pulses.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.media.mit.edu/~raskar/trillionfps/ |title=Media.MIT.edu |access-date=2013-03-30}}</ref>

In 2013, the Media Lab launched E14 Fund as a program to support and invest in MIT Media Lab startups.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/search?q=e14+fund+mit+press+2013 |title=Search results |website=www.google.com}} {{Better source needed|date=August 2022}}</ref> In 2017, E14 Fund<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.e14fund.com/ |title=Home |website=e14fund.com}}</ref> launched its first seed stage venture fund to invest in the MIT Media Lab startup community. It invested in companies like [[Formlabs]], [[Affectiva]], Tulip, Wise Systems, Figur8 and more.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.e14fund.com/portfolio|title=Portfolio}}</ref>

===Spin-offs===
{{Cleanup section|reason=A list drawn directly from the MIT site; this should be more selective and worked into paragraphs|date=January 2018}}

Media Lab industry spin-offs include:<ref>{{cite web |title=Media Lab spinoff companies|url=https://www.media.mit.edu/about/spin-off-companies/|website=MIT Media Lab|access-date=2018-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203200328/https://www.media.mit.edu/about/spin-off-companies/|archive-date=2017-12-03|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Affectiva]], commercializing software that detects emotions in pictures of faces<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.affectiva.com/company/about-us/ | title=About Us}}</ref>
* [[Ambient Devices]], which produces [[ambient device|glanceable information displays]]
* [[Dimagi]], a company that develops software for healthcare in the developing world.
* [[E Ink Corporation|E Ink]], which makes electronic paper displays that power the [[Amazon Kindle]] and [[Barnes & Noble Nook]].
* [[Elance]]
* EyeNetra, which makes eye tests as $2 clip-ons for mobile phones, including potential use to correct vision for virtual reality displays.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferhicks/2015/10/19/eyenetra-wants-to-create-prescription-virtual-reality-screens/ |title=EyeNetra Wants To Create Prescription Virtual Reality Screens |website=forbes.com |access-date=2015-10-19}}</ref>
* First Mile Solutions, bringing communications infrastructure to rural communities<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.firstmilesolutions.com/about.php |title=Firstmilesolutions.com |access-date=2011-10-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111024160720/http://www.firstmilesolutions.com/about.php |archive-date=2011-10-24 }}</ref>
* [[Formlabs]] makes high-resolution, desktop 3D printers (spin out from Center for Bits and Atoms)
* [[Groundhog Technologies]], global leader in mobility intelligence and its applications on geo-analytics, geo-marketing, and network optimization.
* [[Harmonix]], game company creator of [[Rock Band]] and [[Guitar Hero]].
* Holosonics selling "audio spotlight" speakers using [[sound from ultrasound]] technology
* Nanda, a company that markets the [[Clocky]] alarm clock
* Oblong Industries, creators of the digital screen used by [[Tom Cruise]] in [[Minority Report (film)|Minority Report]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://oblong.com |title=Oblong.com |date= 2016-10-09|access-date=2011-10-23}}</ref>
* [[One Laptop per Child]]'s [[OLPC XO-1|XO laptop]]<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://archive.boston.com/news/education/higher/articles/2007/12/25/mit_spinoffs_green_laptop_a_hit_in_remote_peruvian_village/?page=3|title=MIT spinoff's little green laptop a hit in remote Peruvian village|last=Bajak|first=Frank|date=2007-12-25|work=Boston.com|access-date=2018-01-29}}</ref>
* Physiio International, merged with [[Empatica]]; manufacturer of wearable medical sensors<ref>{{cite web | url=http://affect.media.mit.edu/projectpages/iCalm/iCalm-2-Q.html | title=From iCalm to Q Sensor to Physiio to Empatica}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.empatica.com/science | title=Real-time physiological signals &#124; E4 EDA/GSR sensor}}</ref>
* [[Potion Design]], an interactive design firm
* RadioSherpa, an online guide for HD Radio stations. acquired by Tune-in.
* [[reQall]], a memory aid company.<ref name="Spinoff Companies – MIT Media Lab">{{Cite web |url=https://www.media.mit.edu/about/spin-off-companies/|title=Spinoff Companies – MIT Media Lab|website=MIT Media Lab|access-date=2018-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203200328/https://www.media.mit.edu/about/spin-off-companies/|archive-date=2017-12-03|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Salient Stills, a video resolution enhancement and video forensics company founded in 1996, acquired by DAC in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.xconomy.com/boston/2013/07/15/salient-stills-sold-to-audio-tech-firm-dac/|title=Xconomy: Salient Stills Sold to Audio-Tech Firm DAC|date=2013-07-15|work=Xconomy|access-date=2018-01-01|language=en-US}}</ref> The combined entity has been rebranded Salient Sciences.
* [[Sifteo Cubes|Sifteo]], a company that has developed a tabletop gaming platform that grew out of [[Siftables]].
* [[Squid Labs]], engineering consulting company<ref name="Spinoff Companies – MIT Media Lab"/>
* Supermechanical, manufacturer of [[Twine (device)|Twine]], a wifi interface for various environmental sensors; and Range, a smartphone-connected thermometer<ref>"Founded in 2011, Supermechanical grew out of designer/software developer John Kestner's graduate work at the MIT Media Lab, where he explored ways to incorporate connectivity into the physical interfaces of everyday objects." [http://supermechanical.com/about/]</ref>
* [[The Echo Nest]], a music intelligence platform<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://the.echonest.com/|title=The Echo Nest|website=the.echonest.com|access-date=2016-10-24|archive-date=2016-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007172655/http://the.echonest.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Wireless 5th Dimensional Networking, Inc.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://wi5d.net |title=WI5D.net |access-date=2011-10-23}}</ref> (acquired in 2006),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://panthaen.com |title=Panthean.com |website=Panthaen.com |access-date=2011-10-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928120045/http://panthaen.com/ |archive-date=2011-09-28 }}</ref> which developed the first hybrid search engine
* [[Zebra Imaging]], a digital holographic display company