Editing Musical ensemble (section)

==Role of women==
[[File:Suzi Quatro plays a bass guitar while she sings at AIS Arena.jpg|thumb|right|140px|[[Suzi Quatro]] is a singer, bassist and bandleader. When she launched her career in 1973, she was one of the few prominent women instrumentalists and bandleaders in rock music]]
{{Main|Girl group|All-female band}}
Women have a high prominence in many [[popular music]] styles as singers. However, professional women instrumentalists are uncommon in popular music, especially in rock genres such as [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]]. "[P]laying in a band is largely a male homosocial activity, that is, learning to play in a band is largely a peer-based... experience, shaped by existing sex-segregated friendship networks."<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Julian |last1=Schaap |first2=Pauwke |last2=Berkers |title=Grunting Alone? Online Gender Inequality in Extreme Metal Music |journal=IASPM Journal |volume=4 |issue=1 |year=2014 |pages=101–102|doi=10.5429/2079-3871(2014)v4i1.8en |doi-access=free |hdl=1765/51580 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> As well, rock music "...is often defined as a form of male rebellion vis-à-vis female bedroom culture."<ref name="Pauwke Berkers 2014 p. 102">{{cite journal |first1=Julian |last1=Schaap |first2=Pauwke |last2=Berkers |title=Grunting Alone? Online Gender Inequality in Extreme Metal Music |journal=IASPM Journal |volume=4 |issue=1 |year=2014 |page=102|doi=10.5429/2079-3871(2014)v4i1.8en |doi-access=free |hdl=1765/51580 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> In popular music, there has been a gendered "distinction between public (male) and private (female) participation" in music.<ref name="Pauwke Berkers 2014 p. 102"/> "[S]everal scholars have argued that men exclude women from bands or the bands' rehearsals, recordings, performances, and other social activities."<ref name="Pauwke Berkers 2014 p. 104">{{cite journal |first1=Julian |last1=Schaap |first2=Pauwke |last2=Berkers |title=Grunting Alone? Online Gender Inequality in Extreme Metal Music |journal=IASPM Journal |volume=4 |issue=1 |year=2014 |page=104|doi=10.5429/2079-3871(2014)v4i1.8en |doi-access=free |hdl=1765/51580 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> "Women are mainly regarded as passive and private consumers of allegedly slick, prefabricated – hence, inferior – pop music..., excluding them from participating as high-status rock musicians."<ref name="Pauwke Berkers 2014 p. 104"/> One of the reasons that there are rarely mixed gender bands is that "bands operate as tight-knit units in which homosocial solidarity – social bonds between people of the same sex... – plays a crucial role."<ref name="Pauwke Berkers 2014 p. 104"/> In the 1960s pop music scene, "[s]inging was sometimes an acceptable pastime for a girl, but playing an instrument...simply wasn't done."<ref name="rebeatmag.com">{{cite magazine |first=Erika |last=White |url=http://www.rebeatmag.com/music-history-primer-3-pioneering-female-songwriters-of-the-60s/ |title=Music History Primer: 3 Pioneering Female Songwriters of the '60s |magazine=REBEAT Magazine |date=2015-01-28 |access-date=2016-01-20 |archive-date=2015-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222152836/http://www.rebeatmag.com/music-history-primer-3-pioneering-female-songwriters-of-the-60s/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

"The rebellion of rock music was largely a male rebellion; the women—often, in the 1950s and '60s, girls in their teens—in rock usually sang songs as personæ utterly dependent on their macho boyfriends..."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oglesbee |first=Frank W. |date=June 1999 |title=Suzi Quatro: A prototype in the archsheology of rock |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03007769908591731 |journal=Popular Music and Society |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=29–39 |doi=10.1080/03007769908591731 |issn=0300-7766|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Philip Auslander says that "Although there were many women in rock by the late 1960s, most performed only as singers, a traditionally feminine position in popular music." Though some women played instruments in American [[all-female bands|all-female garage rock bands]], none of these bands achieved more than regional success. So they "did not provide viable templates for women's on-going participation in rock".<ref name="I Wanna Be Your Man">
{{cite journal
 |last         = Auslander
 |first        = Philip
 |date         = 28 January 2004
 |title        = I Wanna Be Your Man: Suzi Quatro's musical androgyny
 |journal      = Popular Music
 |volume       = 23
 |issue        = 1
 |pages        = 1–16
 |location     = United Kingdom
 |publisher    = [[Cambridge University Press]]
 |doi          = 10.1017/S0261143004000030
 |s2cid = 191508078
 |access-date   = 25 April 2012
 |url          = http://lmc.gatech.edu/~auslander/publications/quatro.pdf
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130524032035/http://lmc.gatech.edu/~auslander/publications/quatro.pdf
 |archive-date = 24 May 2013
 |url-status     = dead
 |df           = dmy-all
}}</ref>{{rp|2–3}} About the gender composition of [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal bands]], it has been said that "[h]eavy metal performers are almost exclusively male"<ref name="Brake 1990 87–91">{{cite book |last=Brake |first=Mike |editor1-last=Frith |editor1-first=Simon |editor2-last=Goodwin  |editor2-first=Andrew  |title=On Record: Rock, Pop and the Written Word |url=https://archive.org/details/onrecordrockpopw00frit_710 |url-access=limited |publisher=Routledge |date=1990  |pages=[https://archive.org/details/onrecordrockpopw00frit_710/page/n101 87]–91 |chapter=Heavy Metal Culture, Masculinity and Iconography }}</ref> "...[a]t least until the mid-1980s"<ref>{{cite book |last=Walser |first=Robert |date=1993 |title=Running with the Devil:Power, Gender and Madness in Heavy Metal Music |publisher=Wesleyan University Press |page=76 }}</ref> apart from "...exceptions such as [[Girlschool]]".<ref name="Brake 1990 87–91"/> However, "...now [in the 2010s] maybe more than ever–strong metal women have put up their dukes and got down to it,"<ref>{{cite journal |last=Eddy |first=Chuck |date=1 July 2011 |title=Women of Metal |journal=Spin |publisher=SpinMedia Group}}</ref> "carv[ing] out a considerable place for [them]selves".<ref>{{cite news |last=Kelly |first=Kim |date=17 January 2013 |title=Queens of noise: heavy metal encourages heavy-hitting women |newspaper=The Telegraph}}</ref>
When [[Suzi Quatro]] emerged in 1973, "no other prominent female musician worked in rock simultaneously as a singer, instrumentalist, songwriter, and bandleader."<ref name="I Wanna Be Your Man" />{{rp|2}} According to Auslander, she was "kicking down the male door in rock and roll and proving that a female ''musician''&nbsp;... and this is a point I am extremely concerned about&nbsp;... could play as well if not better than the boys".<ref name="I Wanna Be Your Man" />{{rp|3}}