Editing NMDA receptor (section)

===Neural plasticity===
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) critically influence the induction of synaptic plasticity. NMDARs trigger both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) via fast synaptic transmission.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hunt DL, Castillo PE | title = Synaptic plasticity of NMDA receptors: mechanisms and functional implications | journal = Current Opinion in Neurobiology | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 496–508 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22325859 | pmc = 3482462 | doi = 10.1016/j.conb.2012.01.007 }}</ref>  Experimental data suggest that extrasynaptic NMDA receptors inhibit LTP while producing LTD.<ref name="pmid21543591">{{cite journal | vauthors = Li S, Jin M, Koeglsperger T, Shepardson NE, Shankar GM, Selkoe DJ | title = Soluble Aβ oligomers inhibit long-term potentiation through a mechanism involving excessive activation of extrasynaptic NR2B-containing NMDA receptors | journal = The Journal of Neuroscience | volume = 31 | issue = 18 | pages = 6627–6638 | date = May 2011 | pmid = 21543591 | pmc = 3100898 | doi = 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0203-11.2011 }}</ref> Inhibition of LTP can be prevented with the introduction of a [[NMDA receptor antagonist|NMDA antagonist]].<ref name=":0" /> A [[Transcranial magnetic stimulation|theta burst stimulation]] that usually induces LTP with synaptic NMDARs, when applied selectively to extrasynaptic NMDARs produces a LTD.<ref name="LiuYang2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Liu DD, Yang Q, Li ST | title = Activation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors induces LTD in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons | journal = Brain Research Bulletin | volume = 93 | pages = 10–16 | date = April 2013 | pmid = 23270879 | doi = 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.12.003 | s2cid = 7836184 }}</ref> Experimentation also indicates that extrasynaptic activity is not required for the formation of LTP. In addition, both synaptic and extrasynaptic activity are involved in expressing a full LTD.<ref name="PapouinLadépêche2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Papouin T, Ladépêche L, Ruel J, Sacchi S, Labasque M, Hanini M, Groc L, Pollegioni L, Mothet JP, Oliet SH | display-authors = 6 | title = Synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDA receptors are gated by different endogenous coagonists | journal = Cell | volume = 150 | issue = 3 | pages = 633–646 | date = August 2012 | pmid = 22863013 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2012.06.029 | doi-access = free | hdl = 11383/1788727 | hdl-access = free }}</ref>