Editing Propaganda model (section)

===Harvard media torture study===
{{quote box|width=30%|align=right|quote=From the early 1930s until...2004, the newspapers that covered [[waterboarding]] almost uniformly called the practice torture or implied it was torture: ''The New York Times'' characterized it thus in 81.5% (44 of 54) of articles on the subject and the ''Los Angeles Times'' did so in 96.3% of articles (26 of 27). By contrast, from 2002‐2008, the studied newspapers almost never referred to waterboarding as torture.|source=—Desai et al.<ref name="HarvardStudy">[http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/4420886/torture_at_times_hks_students.pdf Torture at Times: Waterboarding in the Media]</ref>}}

In April 2010, a study conducted by the [[John F. Kennedy School of Government|Harvard Kennedy School]] showed that media outlets such as ''[[The New York Times]]'' and ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' stopped using the term "[[torture]]" for [[waterboarding]] when the US government committed it, from 2002 to 2008.<ref name="HarvardStudy"/> It also noted that the press was "much more likely to call waterboarding torture if a country other than the United States is the perpetrator."<ref name="HarvardStudy"/> The study was similar to media studies done in ''Manufacturing Consent'' for topics such as comparing how the term "genocide" is used in the media when referring to allied and enemy countries. [[Glenn Greenwald]] said that "We don't need a [[state-run media]] because our media outlets volunteer for the task..." and commented that the media often act as propaganda for the government without coercion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.salon.com/2010/06/30/media_258/|title=New study documents media's servitude to government|date=June 30, 2010|website=Salon}}</ref>