Editing Self-incompatibility (section)

==Self-compatibility (SC)==
'''Self-compatibility''' ('''SC''') is the absence of genetic mechanisms which prevent [[self-fertilization]] resulting in plants that can reproduce successfully via both self-pollen and pollen from other individuals. Approximately one half of angiosperm species are SI,<ref name="igic2008si" /> the remainder being SC.  [[Mutations]] that disable SI (resulting in SC) may become common or entirely dominate in natural populations. [[Pollinator decline]], variability in pollinator service, the so-called "automatic advantage" of self-fertilisation, among other factors, may favor the loss of SI. {{cn|date=July 2024}}

Many cultivated plants are SC, although there are notable exceptions, such as apples and ''[[Brassica oleracea]]''. Human-mediated artificial selection through [[selective breeding]] is often responsible for SC among these agricultural crops. SC enables more efficient breeding techniques to be employed for crop improvement. However, when genetically similar SI cultivars are bred, inbreeding depression can cause a cross-incompatible form of SC to arise, such as in apricots and almonds.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Egea J, Burgos L |title=Detecting cross-incompatibility of three North American apricot cultivars and establishing the first incompatibility group in apricot |journal=Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science |date=November 1996 |volume=121 |issue=6 |pages=1002–1005 |doi=10.21273/JASHS.121.6.1002 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/200158820 |access-date=25 December 2020|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Gómez EM, Dicenta F, Batlle I, Romero A, Ortega E |title=Cross-incompatibility in the cultivated almond (Prunus dulcis): Updating, revision and correction |journal=Scientia Horticulturae |date=19 February 2019 |volume=245 |pages=218–223 |doi=10.1016/j.scienta.2018.09.054 |bibcode=2019ScHor.245..218G |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304423818306642 |access-date=25 December 2020 |hdl=20.500.12327/55 |s2cid=92428859 |hdl-access=free |archive-date=19 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319083847/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304423818306642 |url-status=live }}</ref> In this rare, intraspecific, cross-incompatible mechanism, individuals have more reproductive success when self-pollinated rather than when cross-pollinated with other individuals of the same species. In wild populations, intraspecific cross-incompatibility has been observed in ''[[Nothoscordum bivalve]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Weiherer DS, Eckardt K, Bernhardt P |title=Comparative floral ecology and breeding systems between sympatric populations of Nothoscordum bivalve and Allium stellatum (Amaryllidaceae) |journal=Journal of Pollination Ecology |date=July 2020 |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=16–31 |doi=10.26786/1920-7603(2020)585 |s2cid=225237548 |url=https://pollinationecology.org/index.php?journal=jpe&page=article&op=view&path%5B%5D=585 |access-date=25 December 2020 |doi-access=free |archive-date=29 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240729180617/https://pollinationecology.org/index.php/jpe |url-status=live }}</ref>