Editing Service-oriented architecture (section)

=== Microservices ===
{{main|Microservices}}
Microservices are a modern interpretation of service-oriented architectures used to build [[Distributed computing|distributed software systems]]. Services in a microservice architecture<ref>{{cite arXiv|title=Microservices: yesterday, today, and tomorrow|eprint=1606.04036v1|last1=Dragoni|first1=Nicola|last2=Giallorenzo|first2=Saverio|author3=Alberto Lluch Lafuente|last4=Mazzara|first4=Manuel|last5=Montesi|first5=Fabrizio|last6=Mustafin|first6=Ruslan|last7=Safina|first7=Larisa|class=cs.SE|year=2016}}</ref> are [[Process (computing)|processes]] that communicate with each other over the [[Computer network|network]] in order to fulfill a goal. These services use technology agnostic [[Communications protocol|protocols]],<ref name="martinfowler">{{cite web|url= http://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html|title= Microservices|author= James Lewis and Martin Fowler}}</ref> which aid in encapsulating choice of language and frameworks, making their choice a concern internal to the service. Microservices are a new realisation and implementation approach to SOA, which have become popular since 2014 (and after the introduction of [[DevOps]]), and which also emphasize continuous deployment and other agile practices.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Balalaie|first1=A.|last2=Heydarnoori|first2=A.|last3=Jamshidi|first3=P.|date=2016-05-01|title=Microservices Architecture Enables DevOps: Migration to a Cloud-Native Architecture|journal=IEEE Software|volume=33|issue=3|pages=42–52|doi=10.1109/MS.2016.64|issn=0740-7459|hdl=10044/1/40557|s2cid=18802650|url=http://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/bitstream/10044/1/40557/8/SO_SWSI-2015-10-0149.R1_Balalaie.pdf|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

There is no single commonly agreed definition of microservices. The following characteristics and principles can be found in the literature:
* fine-grained interfaces (to independently deployable services),
* business-driven development (e.g. [[domain-driven design]]),
* IDEAL cloud application architectures,
* polyglot programming and persistence,
* lightweight container deployment,
* decentralized continuous delivery, and
* DevOps with holistic service monitoring.