Editing Toxteth (section)

== Regeneration ==
[[File:Derelict homes, Toxteth.JPG|thumb|right|275px|Once elegant glazed yellow-brick derelict [[Terraced houses in the United Kingdom|terraced houses]] in tree-lined Ducie Street, Toxteth.]]

Much of the area continues to suffer from poverty and urban degradation. House prices reflect this; in summer 2003, the average property price was just [[Pound sterling|£]]45,929 (compared to the national average of £160,625).

Despite government-led efforts to regenerate Toxteth after the 1981 riots, few of the area's problems appeared to have improved by 1991, by which time [[joyride (crime)|joyriding]] had also become a serious problem; on 30 October that year, a 12-year-old was killed by a speeding stolen car on Granby Street, seriously injuring a nine-year-old who died in hospital from his injuries six days later.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-12-22-mn-1490-story.html | work=Los Angeles Times | first=Helen | last=Smith | title=Decaying Liverpool No Better Off Than During '81 Riots : England: Spotlight shifts to disenchanted youths who joy ride in stolen cars | date=22 December 1991|access-date=28 November 2015}}</ref>

By the time of the riot's 20th anniversary in July 2001, it was reported that many of the issues which contributed to the riots were still rife; not least unemployment and racial tension, as well as a decline in the sense of community in some neighbourhoods. Urban dereliction and gun crime remained a significant problem. However, there had already been some significant improvements by this stage, including the rebuilding of the Rialto complex (which was destroyed in the 1981 riot)<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1416198.stm | work=BBC News | title=Toxteth's long road to recovery | date=5 July 2001|access-date=28 November 2015}}</ref> as a mix of retail, residential and commercial properties.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hlpdesign.com/projects/project_in_full.php?id=1131|title=Rialto|work=Halsall Lloyd Partnership|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323042048/http://www.hlpdesign.com/projects/project_in_full.php?id=1131|archive-date=23 March 2012}}</ref>

Housing in Toxteth tends to be in [[Terraced houses in the United Kingdom|terraces]] but there is a growing number of flats available as larger [[Victorian architecture|Victorian properties]] are broken up into separate dwellings. This is particularly the case in Canning, and around Princes Park.

Extensive regeneration has taken place in Toxteth over the last few years, including demolition of many of the Victorian terraces in the area. This has created much new development but also scarred the area with cleared sites and derelict streets. There has been strong local opposition to demolition of the Granby Triangle and the [[Welsh Streets, Liverpool|Welsh Streets]], attracting extensive coverage in the national media and ultimately the [[Granby Four Streets]] were removed from the clearance plans. In 2015 a community regeneration initiative which involved a collaboration between a Community Land Trust, Steinbeck Studios and the artists collective [[Assemble (collective)|Assemble]] was nominated for the [[Turner Prize]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/residents-of-granby-four-streets-in-toxteth-celebrate-turner-prize-nomination-for-community-regeneration-project-10254083.html|title=Residents of Granby Four Streets in Toxteth celebrate Turner Prize nomination for community regeneration project|work=The Independent|first=Paul|last=Gallagher|date=24 September 2015|access-date=28 November 2015}}</ref>  The prize was awarded to Assemble in December 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-35031707|title=Liverpool houses win Turner Prize|work=BBC News |date=7 December 2015}}</ref>

===Welsh Streets===
{{main|Welsh Streets, Liverpool}}
By 1850, over 20,000 Welsh builders worked in Liverpool who required housing and land in Toxteth was leased for housing development.<ref name="livecho_bbcdoc_may16">{{cite news |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/history-toxteths-terraced-streets-focus-11378347 |title=History of Toxteth's terraced streets is the focus of new BBC documentary |work=Liverpool Echo |date=26 May 2016 |access-date=18 February 2018}}</ref> The Welsh Streets were designed by [[Richard Owens (architect)|Richard Owens]]<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.glyndwr.ac.uk/en/AboutGlyndwrUniversity/Newsandmediacentre/Newsarchive/PressReleases2015/welshstreetsgarethcarr/|title = Glyndŵr University academic backs bid to save Liverpool's historic Welsh Streets|date = 29 June 2015|work=Glyndŵr University|access-date = 28 November 2015}}</ref> and built by David Roberts, Son and Co.<ref name="liv-welsh">{{Cite web|url = http://www.liverpool-welsh.co.uk/archive/The%20Welsh%20Builders.pdf|title = The Welsh Builder in Liverpool|first=Dr. Gareth|last=Carr|work=Liverpool Welsh|access-date=28 November 2015}}</ref> Through this collaboration, Owens designed over 10,000 terraced houses in the city of Liverpool, particularly those in the surrounding Toxteth area where the Welsh Streets are located.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ymliverpool.com/welsh-connection-liverpool/31513|title=The Welsh Connection: How Wales has helped shape Liverpool|first=Christine|last=Toner|publisher=YM Liverpool|date=23 February 2018}}</ref> The streets were named after Welsh towns, valleys and villages and were built for Welsh migrants, by Welsh builders. Musician [[Ringo Starr]] was born in 9 Madryn Street, where he lived until the age of 4 before moving to [[10 Admiral Grove]].<ref name="ringostarrhome_reconstruction">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1498706/Ringo-Starrs-old-house-to-be-taken-down-and-stored-as-11-streets-are-demolished.html |title=Ringo Starr's old house to be taken down and stored as 11 streets are demolished |publisher=The Telegraph |first=Charles|last=Clover |date=19 September 2005 |access-date=1 December 2018}}</ref>

Council survey data published in 2005 showed the Welsh Streets were broadly popular with residents and in better than average condition, but were condemned for demolition because of a perceived 'over-supply' of 'obsolete' terraced houses in Liverpool. The proposals have divided the local community.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/4563957.stm |title=City's Welsh streets face threat|publisher=BBC News|date=20 May 2005|access-date=2 February 2009|first=Clare|last=Gabriel}}</ref> Following unsuccessful demolition plans in 2013, Voelas Street was the first in 2017 to be fully refurbished and offered for rent to tenants. Popularity of the scheme would determine whether further regeneration of the other streets would be undertaken, with later refurbishment work undertaken on Rhiwlas Street, Powis Street, Madryn Street, and Kinmel Street.