Editing Wireline (cabling) (section)

===Cased hole electric line tools===

====Cement bond tools====
A [[cement bond tool]], or CBT, is an [[acoustics|acoustic]] tool used to measure the quality of the cement behind the [[casing (borehole)|casing]].  Using a CBT, the bond between the casing and cement as well as the bond between cement and formation can be determined.  Using CBT data, a company can troubleshoot problems with the cement sheath if necessary.  This tool must be centralized in the well to function properly.

Two of the largest problems found in cement by CBT's are channeling and micro-annulus.  A micro annulus is the formation of microscopic cracks in the cement sheath.  Channeling is where large, contiguous voids in the cement sheath form, typically caused by poor centralization of the casing.  Both of these situations can, if necessary, be fixed by remedial electric line work.

A CBT makes its measurements by rapidly pulsing out [[compressional wave]]s across the well bore and into the pipe, cement, and formation.  The compressional pulse originates in a [[transmitter]] at the top of the tool, which, when powered up on surface sounds like a rapid clicking sound.  The tool typically has two receivers, one three feet away from the receiver, and another at five feet from the transmitter.  These receivers record the arrival time of the compressional waves. The information from these receivers are logged as travel times for the three- and five-foot receivers and as a micro-[[seismogram]].

Recent advances in logging technologies have allowed the receivers to measure 360 degrees of cement integrity and can be represented on a log as a radial cement map and as 6-8 individual sector arrival times.

====Casing collar locators====
Casing collar locator tools, or CCL's, are among the simplest and most essential in cased hole electric line.  CCL's are typically used for depth correlation and can be an indicator of line overspeed when logging in heavy fluids.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.coiledtubingdrilling.com/ctd/coiled-tubing/technology/|title=AnTech CCL Tool within CTD Offering|access-date=2014-07-22|archive-date=2014-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729175205/http://www.coiledtubingdrilling.com/ctd/coiled-tubing/technology/|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
[[File:CCL Log.png|thumb|CCL Log]]
A CCL operates on [[Faraday's Law of Induction]].  Two magnets are separated by a coil of copper wire.  As the CCL passes by a casing joint, or collar, the difference in metal thickness across the two magnets induces a current spike in the coil.  This current spike is sent uphole and logged as what's called a collar kick on the cased hole log.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ww16.wirelinehq.com/wireline-basics/wireline-casing-collar-locator/?sub1=20231006-0428-2236-bfd6-000f52e3170d|title=wirelinehq.com |website=ww16.wirelinehq.com}}{{dead link|date=October 2023|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>

====Gamma perforating tools====
A cased hole gamma perforator is used to perform mechanical services, such as shooting [[Perforation (oil well)|perforations]], setting downhole tubing/casing elements, dumping remedial cement, tracer surveys, etc.  Typically, a gamma perforator will have some sort of explosively initiated device attached to it, such as a perforating gun, a setting tool, or a dump bailor.  In certain instances, the gamma perforator is used to merely spot objects in the well, as in tubing conveyed perforating operations and tracer surveys.

Gamma perforators operate in much the same way as an open hole natural gamma ray tool.  Gamma rays given off from naturally occurring radioactive elements bombard the scintillation detector mounted on the tool.  The tool processes the gamma ray counts and sends the data uphole where it processed by a computerized acquisition system, and plotted on a log versus depth.  The information is then used to ensure that the depth shown on the log is correct.  After that, power can be applied through the tool to set off explosive charges for things like perforating, setting plugs or packers, dumping cement, etc.

====Wireline pressure setting assemblies (WLSPA)====
Setting tools are used to set downhole completion elements such as production packers or bridge plugs.  Setting tools typically use the expanding gas energy from a slow-burning explosive charge to drive a hydraulic piston assembly. The assembly is attached to the plug or packer by means of a setting mandrel and a sliding sleeve, which when "stroked" by the piston assembly, effectively squeezes the elastomer elements of the packing element, deforming it sufficiently to wedge it into place in the tubing or casing string. Most completion packers or plugs have a specially designed shear mechanism that release the setting tool from the element allowing it to be retrieved back to surface. The packer/plug, however, remains down hole as a barrier to isolate production zones or permanently plug off a well bore.

====Casing expander tools====
Expansion tools incorporate similar design features to WLSPA, using an internal piston assembly, except the main differences are that the piston is bi-directional, and does not detach to be left downhole. A hardened set of contoured pads expand when the piston is "stroked", indenting a small circle in the inner wall of the casing, and expanding the overall casing to make full contact with cement, packing material, or directly with the formation wall. The original design and concept of the tool was to stop surface casing pressure without impacting production by leaving hardware in the well bore. They can also be used in other applications like plugging and abandoning or drilling intervention operations like setting whipstocks.