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Archaeogenetics
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==== South Asia ==== South Asia has served as the major early corridor for geographical dispersal of modern humans from out-of-Africa.<ref name=":3" /> Based on studies of mtDNA line M, some have suggested that the first occupants of India were Austro-Asiatic speakers who entered about 45โ60 kya.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Majumder|first=Partha P.|date=2010-02-23|title=The Human Genetic History of South Asia|journal=Current Biology|language=en|volume=20|issue=4|pages=R184โ87|doi=10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.053|issn=0960-9822|pmid=20178765|s2cid=1490419|doi-access=free}}</ref> The Indian gene pool has contributions from earliest settlers, as well as West Asian and Central Asian populations from migrations no earlier than 8 kya.<ref name=":3" /> The lack of variation in mtDNA lineages compared to the Y-chromosome lineages indicate that primarily males partook in these migrations.<ref name=":3" /> The discovery of two subbranches U2i and U2e of the U mtDNA lineage, which arose in Central Asia has โmodulatedโ views of a large migration from Central Asia into India, as the two branches diverged 50 kya.<ref name=":3" /> Furthermore, U2e is found in large percentages in Europe but not India, and vice versa for U2i, implying U2i is native to India.<ref name=":3" />
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