Editing CERN (section)

=== Member states and budget ===

Since its foundation by 12 members in 1954, CERN regularly accepted new members. All new members have remained in the organization continuously since their accession, except Spain and Yugoslavia. Spain first joined CERN in 1961, withdrew in 1969, and rejoined in 1983. Yugoslavia was a founding member of CERN but quit in 1961. Of the 24 members, Israel joined CERN as a full member in January 2014,<ref name=ISR /> becoming the first, and currently only, non-Geographically European full member.<ref>Rahman, Fazlur. (11 November 2013) [https://www.haaretz.com/news/diplomacy-defense/1.557492 Israel may become first non-European member of nuclear research group CERN – Diplomacy and Defense Israel News]. Haaretz. Retrieved 28 April 2014.</ref>

The budget contributions of member states are computed based on their GDP.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=https://fap-dep.web.cern.ch/rpc/member-states-contributions|title=Member States' Contributions – 2019|website=CERN website|publisher=CERN|access-date=4 May 2019|archive-date=20 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171120142735/https://fap-dep.web.cern.ch/rpc/member-states-contributions|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Member state
!Status since
!Contribution<br />(million [[Swiss franc|CHF]] for 2019)
!Contribution<br />(fraction of total for 2019)
!Contribution per capita{{refn|Based on the [[List of countries by population|population]] in 2017. |name=population |group=note}}<br />([[Swiss franc|CHF]]/person for 2017)
|- class="sortbottom" style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan=5 | '''Founding Members'''{{refn|12 founding members drafted the ''Convention for the Establishment of a European Organization for Nuclear Research'' which entered into force on 29 September 1954.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.esa.int/esapub/sp/sp1300/sp1300EN1.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.esa.int/esapub/sp/sp1300/sp1300EN1.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |title=ESA Convention |date=September 2005 |edition=6th |publisher=European Space Agency |isbn=978-92-9092-397-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Convention for the Establishment of a European Organization for Nuclear Research |url=https://council.web.cern.ch/council/en/governance/Convention.html |website=CERN Council website |publisher=CERN |access-date=16 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701224642/https://council.web.cern.ch/council/en/Governance/Convention.html |archive-date=1 July 2012}}</ref> |name=founding |group=note}}
|-
| {{BEL}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|30.7}}|| style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|2.68}}% || style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|2.7}}
|-
| {{DNK}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|20.5}}|| style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1.79}}% || style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|3.4}}
|-
| {{FRA}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|160.3}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|14.0}}% || style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|2.4}}
|-
| {{DEU}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|236.0}}|| style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|20.6}}% || style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|2.8}}
|-
| {{GRC}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|12.5}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.09}}% || style="text-align:right;" |{{nts|1.6}}
|-
| {{ITA}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|118.4}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|10.4}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.1}}
|-
| {{NLD}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|51.8}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|4.53}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|3.0}}
|-
| {{NOR}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|28.3}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.48}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|5.4}}
|-
| {{SWE}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|30.5}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.66}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|3.0}}
|-
| {{CHE}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|47.1}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|4.12}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|4.9}}
|-
| {{GBR}} || {{dts|29 September 1954}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|184.0}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|16.1}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.8}}
|-
| ''{{YUG}}''{{refn|Yugoslavia left the organization in 1961.|group=note}} || ''{{dts|29 September 1954}}''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://international-relations.web.cern.ch/international-relations/ms/ |title=Member States |website=International relations |publisher=CERN |access-date=25 November 2015}}</ref><ref name="timeline.web.cern.ch">{{cite web|title=Member States|url=https://timeline.web.cern.ch/timelines/Member-states|website=CERN timelines|publisher=CERN|access-date=25 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704175432/https://timeline.web.cern.ch/timelines/Member-states|archive-date=4 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.0}}
|- class="sortbottom" style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan=5 | '''Acceded Members'''{{refn|Acceded members become CERN member states by ratifying the CERN convention.<ref name="Member States">{{cite web |title=CERN Member States |url=https://council.web.cern.ch/council/en/MemberStates.html |website=CERN Council website |publisher=CERN |access-date=16 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701224138/https://council.web.cern.ch/council/en/MemberStates.html |archive-date=1 July 2012}}</ref> |name=acceded |group=note}}
|-
| {{AUT}} || {{dts|1 June 1959}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|24.7}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.16}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.9}}
|-
| {{ESP}}{{refn|Spain was previously a member state from 1961 to 1969|group=note}} || {{dts|1 January 1983}}<ref name="timeline.web.cern.ch"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://international-relations.web.cern.ch/International-Relations/ms/es.html |title=Spain |website=International Relations |publisher=CERN |access-date=25 November 2015}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|80.7}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|7.06}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.0}}
|-
| {{PRT}} || {{dts|1 January 1986}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|12.5}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.09}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.3}}
|-
| {{FIN}} || {{dts|1 January 1991}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|15.1}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.32}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.8}}
|-
| {{POL}} || {{dts|1 July 1991}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|31.9}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.79}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.8}}
|-
| {{HUN}} || {{dts|1 July 1992}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|7.0}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.609}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.7}}
|-
| {{CZE}} || {{dts|1 July 1993}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|10.9}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.950}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.1}}
|-
| {{SVK}} || {{dts|1 July 1993}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|5.6}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.490}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.0}}
|-
| {{BGR}} || {{dts|11 June 1999}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|3.4}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.297}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.4}}
|-
| {{ISR}} || {{dts|6 January 2014}}<ref name=ISR>{{cite web |url=https://international-relations.web.cern.ch/International-Relations/ms/il.html |title=Israel |website=International Relations |publisher=CERN |access-date=5 July 2014}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|19.7}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.73}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.7}}
|-
| {{ROM}} || {{dts|17 July 2016}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://press.cern/press-releases/2016/07/cern-welcomes-romania-its-twenty-second-member-state|title=CERN welcomes Romania as its twenty-second Member State {{!}} Media and Press Relations|website=press.cern|language=en|access-date=10 December 2017}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;" | {{nts|12.0}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.05}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.6}}
|-
| {{SRB}} || {{dts|24 March 2019}}<ref name=SRB>{{cite web |url=https://home.cern/news/press-release/cern/serbia-joins-cern-its-23rd-member-state |title=Serbia joins CERN as its 23rd Member State |website=Media and Press Relations |publisher=CERN | date=24 March 2019 |access-date=30 March 2019}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|2.5}} || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.221}}% || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.1}}
|-
|{{EST}}
|{{dts|30 August 2024}}<ref name="home.cern">{{Cite web|title=CERN welcomes Estonia as its 24th Member State|url=https://home.cern/news/press-release/cern/cern-welcomes-estonia-its-24th-member-state|access-date=2024-08-30|website=CERN|language=en}}</ref>|| style="text-align:right;" | {{nts|1.0}} || style="text-align:right;"|  N/A || style="text-align:right;"| N/A
|- class="sortbottom" style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan=5 | '''Associate Members in the pre-stage to membership'''
|-
| {{CYP}} || {{dts|1 April 2016}}<ref name="cyprus-assoc">{{cite web |url=https://international-relations.web.cern.ch/International-Relations/assoc/cyprus.html |title=Cyprus |website=International Relations |publisher=CERN |access-date=4 April 2016}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.0}} || style="text-align:right;"|  N/A || style="text-align:right;"| N/A
|-
| {{SLO}} || {{dts|4 July 2017}}<ref name="slovenia-assoc">{{cite web |url=https://press.cern/press-releases/2016/12/slovenia-enter-associate-member-state-family-cern |title=Slovenia to enter the Associate Member State family of CERN |website=Media and Press Relations |publisher=CERN |date=16 December 2016}}</ref><ref name="slovenia-assoc-ratify">{{cite web | url=https://press.cern/update/2017/07/slovenia-becomes-associate-member-pre-stage-membership-cern | title=Slovenia becomes an Associate Member in the pre-stage to Membership at CERN | website=Media and Press Relations | publisher=CERN | date=4 July 2017 | access-date=4 July 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103080639/https://press.cern/update/2017/07/slovenia-becomes-associate-member-pre-stage-membership-cern | archive-date=3 November 2018 | url-status=dead }}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.0}} || style="text-align:right;"|  N/A || style="text-align:right;"| N/A
|- class="sortbottom" style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan=5 | '''Associate Members'''
|-
| {{TUR}} || {{dts|6 May 2015}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://international-relations.web.cern.ch/International-Relations/assoc/turkey.html |title=Turkey |website=International Relations |publisher=CERN |access-date=28 August 2015}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|5.7}} || style="text-align:right;"|  N/A || style="text-align:right;"|  N/A
|-
| {{PAK}} || {{dts|31 July 2015}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://international-relations.web.cern.ch/International-Relations/assoc/pakistan.html |title=Pakistan |website=International Relations |publisher=CERN |access-date=21 November 2016}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.7}} || style="text-align:right;"|  N/A || style="text-align:right;"| N/A
|-
| {{UKR}} || {{dts|5 October 2016}}<ref name="ukraine">{{cite web |url=https://home.cern/news/news/cern/ukraine-becomes-associate-member-cern |title=Ukraine becomes an associate member of CERN |website=Media and Press Relations |publisher=CERN |date=5 October 2016}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|1.0}} || style="text-align:right;"|  N/A|| style="text-align:right;"| N/A
|-
| {{IND}} || {{dts|16 January 2017}}<ref name="india">{{cite web|url=https://home.cern/about/updates/2017/01/india-becomes-associate-member-state-cern |title=India becomes Associate Member State of CERN |website=CERN Updates |publisher=CERN |date=16 January 2017}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|13.8}} || style="text-align:right;"| N/A || style="text-align:right;"| N/A
|-
| {{LIT}} || {{dts|8 January 2018}}<ref name="lithuania-assoc-cern"/> || style="text-align:right;"|{{Nts|1.0}}|| style="text-align:right;" | N/A || style="text-align:right;"| N/A
|-
|{{CRO}} || {{dts|10 October 2019}}<ref name="international-relations.web.cern.ch">{{Cite web|url=https://international-relations.web.cern.ch/stakeholder-relations/states/croatia|title=Croatia {{!}} International Relations|website=international-relations.web.cern.ch|access-date=5 January 2020}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"| {{nts|0.25}} || style="text-align:right;"| N/A  || style="text-align:right;" | N/A
|-
|{{LAT}} || {{dts|2 August 2021}}<ref name="latvia-becomes-AMS-cern">{{cite news |title=Latvia becomes Associate Member State of CERN |url=https://home.cern/news/news/cern/latvia-becomes-associate-member-state-cern |access-date=5 November 2022 |work=CERN |date=2 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"|  || style="text-align:right;"| N/A  || style="text-align:right;" | N/A
|-
|{{BRA}} || {{dts|13 March 2024}}<ref name="brazil-becomes-AMS-cern">{{cite news |title=Brazil becomes Associate Member State of CERN |url=https://home.cern/news/news/cern/brazil-becomes-associate-member-state-cern |access-date=22 March 2024 |work=CERN |date=22 March 2024 |language=en}}</ref> || style="text-align:right;"|  || style="text-align:right;"| N/A  || style="text-align:right;" | N/A
|- class="sortbottom" style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| |{{hs|za}}'''Total Members, Candidates and Associates'''||  || style="text-align:right;" |'''{{nts|1,171.2}}'''<ref name="autogenerated1" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=2021 Annual Contributions to CERN budget|url=https://fap-dep.web.cern.ch/rpc/2021-annual-contributions-cern-budget|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-21|website=CERN website|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210219020118/https://fap-dep.web.cern.ch/rpc/2021-annual-contributions-cern-budget |archive-date=19 February 2021 }}</ref>|| style="text-align:right;" |'''{{nts|100.0}}%'''|| style="text-align:right;" | N/A

|}

{{reflist|group=note}}

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
|-
! Maps of the history of CERN membership
|-
| <gallery>
File:Cernfounders.png|1954 (12 members): CERN is founded {{Cref|a}} (1954-1990 borders)
File:CERN1959.png|1959 (13 members): Austria joins (1954-1990 borders)
File:CERN1961and1983.png|1961 (13 members): Spain joins and [[Yugoslavia]] leaves (1954-1990 borders)
File:CERN1969.png|1969 (12 members): Spain leaves (1954-1990 borders)
File:CERN1961and1983.png|1983 (13 members): Spain re-joins (1954-1990 borders)
File:CERN1985.png|1985 (14 members): Portugal joins (1954-1990 borders)
File:CERN1991.png|1991 (16 members): Poland and Finland join, and Germany has been [[Reunification of Germany|reunified]] (post 1993 borders)
File:CERN1992.png|1992 (17 members): Hungary joins (post 1993 borders)
File:CERN1993.png|1993 (19 members): Czech Republic and Slovakia join (post 1993 borders)
File:CERN1999.png|1999 (20 members): Bulgaria joins (post 1993 borders)
File:CERN-Membership-History.gif|Animated map showing changes in CERN membership from 1954 until 1999 (borders are as at dates of change)
</gallery>
|}