Editing Canadian Light Source (section)

====Storage ring====

The storage ring cell structure has a fairly compact lattice with twelve straight sections available for injection, [[microwave cavity|RF cavities]] and 9 sections available for insertion devices. Each cell has two bending magnets detuned to allow some dispersion in the straights – the so-called double-bend achromat structure – and thus reduce the overall beam size. As well as the two bend magnets each cell has three families of quadrupole magnets and two families of [[sextupole magnet]]s. The ring circumference is 171m, with a straight section length of 5.2m.<ref name="PAC2001">{{cite journal | url=http://lss.fnal.gov/archive/proceedings/PAPERS/WPPH093.PDF | title=The Canadian Light Source: an update | journal=19th Particle Accelerator Conference (Pac 2001) | pages=2680 | year=2001 | accessdate=28 July 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502032624/http://lss.fnal.gov/archive/proceedings/PAPERS/WPPH093.PDF | archive-date=2 May 2014 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all | bibcode=2001pac..conf.2680B | last1=Blomqvist | first1=I. | last2=Dallin | first2=L. | last3=Hallin | first3=E. | last4=Lowe | first4=D. | last5=Silzer | first5=R. | last6=De Jong | first6=M. }}</ref> The CLS is the smallest of the newer synchrotron facilities, which results in a relatively high horizontal [[beam emittance]] of 18.2&nbsp;nm-rad.<ref name="Newest" />  The CLS was also one of the first facilities to [[chicane]] two [[undulator]]s in one straight section, to maximize the number of insertion device beamlines.<ref name="SRNupdate"/>

All five of the phase I X-ray beamlines use insertion devices. Four use permanent magnet undulators designed and assembled at the CLS, including one in-vacuum undulator and one elliptically polarized undulator (EPU). The HXMA beamline uses a superconducting [[wiggler (synchrotron)|wiggler]] built by the [[Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics]] in [[Novosibirsk]].<ref name="SRNupdate"/> Phase II added two further devices including another Budker superconducting wiggler, for the BMIT beamline.<ref name="ID">{{cite web| url=http://www.lightsource.ca/operations/insertion_devices.php| title=Insertion devices| accessdate=28 July 2012| archive-date=28 July 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728075202/http://www.lightsource.ca/operations/insertion_devices.php| url-status=dead}}</ref> Phase III will add four more devices, filling 8 of the 9 available straight sections. Longer term development includes the replacement of two of the phase I undulators with elliptically polarizing devices.<ref name="IDdev">{{cite web|url=http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/accelconf/IPAC10/papers/wepd005.pdf|title=Insertion Device Development at the Canadian Light Source| year=2010 | accessdate=28 July 2012}}</ref>

Since 2021, the ring operates in a top-up mode during normal user operations,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wurtz |first1=W.A. |last2=Baribeau |first2=C.K. |last3=Sigrist |first3=M.J. |date=2023 |title=Rectifying unexpected injection issues due to an elliptically polarizing undulator |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.168001 |journal=Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment |volume=1048 |pages=168001 |doi=10.1016/j.nima.2022.168001 |bibcode=2023NIMPA104868001W |s2cid=255182262 |issn=0168-9002|url-access=subscription }}</ref> injecting every few minutes to maintain a stable ring current just below 220 mA. Prior to this change, the ring operated with a fill current of 250mA in decay mode, with two injections per day.<ref name="EllisPiC"/> Facility status is shown on a "machine status" [http://mstatus.lightsource.ca/ webpage], and using the [https://twitter.com/clsfc CLSFC] account on Twitter.<ref name="Gems">{{cite web|url=http://socialmediatoday.com/dezguy/267745/three-useful-twitter-case-studies |title=Three useful Twitter case studies |date=5 February 2011 |accessdate=15 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613182326/http://socialmediatoday.com/dezguy/267745/three-useful-twitter-case-studies |archivedate=13 June 2012 }}</ref>