Editing Cloning vector (section)

===Animal and plant viral vectors===
Viruses that infect plant and animal cells have also been manipulated to introduce foreign genes into plant and animal cells. The natural ability of viruses to adsorb to cells, introduce their DNA and replicate have made them ideal vehicles to transfer foreign DNA into eukaryotic cells in culture. A vector based on [[SV40|Simian virus 40]] (SV40) was used in first cloning experiment involving mammalian cells. A number of vectors based on other type of viruses like [[Adenoviridae|Adenoviruses]] and [[Papillomaviridae|Papilloma virus]] have been used to clone genes in mammals. At present, retroviral vectors are popular for cloning genes in mammalian cells. In case of plants like [[Cauliflower mosaic virus]], [[Tobacco mosaic virus]] and [[Geminiviridae|Gemini viruses]] have been used with limited success.
[[File:Blue-white test.jpg|thumb|An LB agar plate showing the result of a blue white screen.   White colonies may contain an insert in the plasmid it carries, while the blue ones are unsuccessful clones.]]