Editing Colima (section)

===Colonial era===
After conquering the [[Aztec]]s and the Purépecha, the Spanish made incursions into Colima.<ref name="conocolima"/> The first incursion into the Colima area occurred under [[Juan Rodríguez de Villafuerte]] in 1522 but was defeated by the natives of the Tecomán Valley.<ref name="enchis"/> Hernán Cortés then sent [[Gonzalo de Sandoval]] to defeat the Tecos, which he did at the Paso de Alima and the Palenque de Tecomán.<ref name="enchis"/><ref name="rincones29"/> Sandoval then established the first Spanish settlement in the Colima Valley called [[Caxitlán]] in 1523, making it the third oldest functioning city government in Mexico and the second municipality of western [[New Spain]].<ref name="enchis"/><ref name="conocolima"/> In 1527, Francisco Cortés de San Buenaventura moved the Spanish settlement to its current located and changing the name to San Sebastián de Colima.<ref name="enchis"/>

[[Revillagigedo Islands|Revillagigedo Archipelago]] was brought to colonial attention in 1533 by [[Hernando de Grijalva]]. The state's first port at Tzalahua would be an important site for about 300 years of Spanish colonial rule as a line of defense and a commercial center.<ref name="conocolima"/>

After the Conquest, the native population was reduced drastically. Some estimations state that the population declines from 150,000 in 1523 to 15,000 in 1554, rebounding somewhat in the 17th century. This population reduction led to the introduction of African slaves and indigenous people from neighboring regions.<ref name="enchis"/>

Evangelization was carried out by the [[Franciscan order|Franciscans]] who established the San Francisco de Coliman monastery in 1554 then the Almoloyan monastery.<ref name="rincones29"/> They would be followed by the [[Mercedarians]] and the Brothers of Saint John of the Cross. It was originally made part of the diocese of [[Morelia|Valladolid (Morelia)]].<ref name="enchis"/>

The port of [[Manzanillo, Colima|Manzanillo]], then called Santiago de Buena Esperanza, played a large part in the expeditions northwards ordered by [[Hernán Cortés]], which later led to the European discovery of ''[[The Californias|Las Californias]]'' — the [[Baja California Peninsula]] and [[Alta California]]. Cortés de San Buenaventura set out to conquer towards the north, covering the rest of the state and into what is now southern Sinaloa. Later the port would be a target for pirates as the [[Manila galleon]]s would unload materials from the [[Spanish East Indies]] here. These pirates would include [[Francis Drake]] and [[Thomas Cavendish]]. The last major battle against pirates at Manzanillo was in 1615 with Captain Sebastián Vizcaino defending the port against Dutch pirate [[Joris van Speilbergen]].<ref name="enchis"/>

Colima lost territory during the colonial period to 1822, and further into the 19th century. With the creation of [[Nueva Galicia]] in 1531, it lost its territories north of the Cihuatlán or Marabasco River and the region south of [[Lake Chapala]]. In 1550, Colima lost the provinces of Autlán and Amula. By the end of the 16th century, it lost the Motines region, now part of Michoacán and in the 19th century the Xilotlán region to Jalisco.<ref name="enchis"/>

From the early colonial period, Colima was a province that answered to Mexico City. In 1789, the parish of Colima was incorporated into the diocese of Guadalajara. In 1796, Colima was converted into a sub delegation of the province of Guadalajara.<ref name="enchis"/>

One colonial area industry in Colima was the production of "coconut wine" — an alcoholic beverage distilled from [[date palm]] fruit and [[coconut]]. One of the first introduced crops was [[Theobroma cacao|cacao]] in the 16th century, with coconut, [[sugar cane]], and cotton coming after. Other crops such as rice, [[indigo]] and vanilla would be introduced later.<ref name="enchis"/>