Editing Compressive strength (section)

== Compressive strength of concrete ==
[[File:Compressive strength test.gif|200px|thumb|Compressive strength test of concrete in UTM]]
For designers, compressive strength is one of the most important engineering properties of [[concrete]]. It is standard industrial practice that the compressive strength of a given concrete mix is classified by grade. Cubic or cylindrical samples of concrete are tested under a compression testing machine to measure this value. Test requirements vary by country based on their differing design codes.  Use of a [[compressometer]] is common.  As per Indian codes, compressive strength of concrete is defined as:
[[Image:Concrete cube mold.jpg|thumb|Field cured concrete in cubic steel molds (Greece)]]
''The ''compressive strength of concrete'' is given in terms of the ''characteristic compressive strength'' of 150 mm size cubes tested after 28 days (fck). In field, compressive strength tests are also conducted at interim duration i.e. after 7 days to verify the anticipated compressive strength expected after 28 days. The same is done to be forewarned of an event of failure and take necessary precautions. The '''characteristic strength''' is defined as the '''strength''' of the '''concrete''' below which not more than 5% of the test results are expected to fall.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://civildigital.com/compressive-strength-concrete-concrete-cubes/|title=Compressive Strength of Concrete & Concrete Cubes {{!}} What {{!}} How {{!}} CivilDigital {{!}}|date=2016-07-07|language=en-US|access-date=2016-09-20}}</ref>

For design purposes, this compressive strength value is restricted by dividing with a factor of safety, whose value depends on the design philosophy used.

The construction industry is often involved in a wide array of testing. In addition to simple compression testing, testing standards such as ASTM C39, ASTM C109, ASTM C469, ASTM C1609 are among the test methods that can be followed to measure the mechanical properties of concrete. When measuring the compressive strength and other material properties of concrete, testing equipment that can be manually controlled or servo-controlled may be selected depending on the procedure followed. Certain test methods specify or limit the loading rate to a certain value or a range, whereas other methods request data based on test procedures run at very low rates.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.admet.com/blog/concrete-testing-manual-vs-automated-operation/|title=Concrete Testing: Manual vs. Automated Operation}}</ref>

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is defined as having a compressive strength over 150 MPa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Multiscale structure-property relationships of ultra-high performance concrete - EVOCD |url=https://icme.hpc.msstate.edu/mediawiki/index.php/Multiscale_structure-property_relationships_of_ultra-high_performance_concrete.html |access-date=2022-09-15 |website=icme.hpc.msstate.edu}}</ref>