Editing Darwin (operating system) (section)

==Derived projects==
Due to the free software nature of Darwin, there have been projects that aim to modify or enhance the operating system.

===OpenDarwin===
[[File:GNOME 2 running on openDarwin (2004).png|thumb|[[GNOME]] running on GNU-Darwin]]

OpenDarwin was a community-led operating system based on the Darwin system. It was founded in April 2002 by [[Apple Inc.]] and [[Internet Systems Consortium]]. Its goal was to increase collaboration between Apple developers and the [[free software community]]. Apple benefited from the project because improvements to OpenDarwin would be incorporated into Darwin releases; and the free/open-source community benefited from being given complete control over its own operating system, which could then be used in free software distributions such as GNU-Darwin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.opendarwin.org/|title=OpenDarwin|publisher=OpenDarwin Project|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060106092328/http://www.opendarwin.org/|archive-date=January 6, 2006}}</ref>

On July 25, 2006, the OpenDarwin team announced that the project was shutting down, as they felt OpenDarwin had "become a mere hosting facility for Mac OS X related projects", and that the efforts to create a standalone Darwin operating system had failed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2006/jul/26/opendarwinshut|title=OpenDarwin Shutting Down|work=[[The Guardian]]|first=Jack|last=Schofield|date=2006-07-26|access-date=2023-03-18}}</ref> They also state: "Availability of sources, interaction with Apple representatives, difficulty building and tracking sources, and a lack of interest from the community have all contributed to this."<ref>{{cite web|author=OpenDarwin Core Team and Administrators|date=July 25, 2006|url=http://www.opendarwin.org/en/news/shutdown.html|title=OpenDarwin Shutting Down|publisher=OpenDarwin Project|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060804104416/http://opendarwin.org/|archive-date=August 4, 2006}}</ref> The last stable release was version 7.2.1, released on July 16, 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.opendarwin.org/en/news/opendarwin721.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040805095039/http://www.opendarwin.org/en/news/opendarwin721.html|archive-date=2004-08-05|url-status=dead|title=OpenDarwin 7.2.1 Released|date=2004-08-05|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref>

===PureDarwin===
PureDarwin is a project to create a bootable operating system image from Apple's released source code for Darwin.<ref>{{cite web |title=PureDarwin |url=https://www.puredarwin.org/ |access-date=April 1, 2024 |archive-date=April 1, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401234001/https://www.puredarwin.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Since the halt of OpenDarwin and the release of bootable images since Darwin 8.x, it has been increasingly difficult to create a full operating system as many components became closed source. In 2015 the project created a preview release based on Darwin 9 with an X11 GUI,<ref>[https://github.com/PureDarwin/PureDarwin/wiki/Xmas PureDarwin Xmas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203095014/https://github.com/PureDarwin/PureDarwin/wiki/Xmas |date=December 3, 2019 }} (2015)</ref> followed by a command-line only 17.4 Beta based on Darwin 17.<ref>{{cite web |title=PureDarwin 17.4 Beta |url=https://github.com/PureDarwin/PD-17.4-Beta |website=GitHub |publisher=PureDarwin |access-date=11 January 2020 |date=30 November 2019 |archive-date=December 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213013037/https://github.com/PureDarwin/PD-17.4-Beta |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Other derived projects===
[[File:WindowmakerFS Xdarwin.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5|Window Maker in [[XDarwin]]]]
* [[XQuartz]] is a component of the [[X Window System]] that runs on [[macOS]] (Darwin). [[XDarwin]], before the introduction of Apple's X11.app.
* [[GNUstep]] is a [[free software]] implementation of the [[Cocoa (API)|Cocoa]] (formerly [[OpenStep]]) [[Objective-C]] [[Software framework|frameworks]], [[widget toolkit]], and application development tools for [[Unix-like]] [[operating system]]s.
* [[Window Maker]], a window manager designed to emulate the [[NeXTSTEP|NeXT]] GUI as part of the wider GNUstep project.
* [[WebKit]] is a [[browser engine]] primarily used in [[Apple Inc.|Apple's]] [[Safari (web browser)|Safari]] web browser, as well as all web browsers on [[iOS]] and [[iPadOS]].
* [[MacPorts]] (formerly DarwinPorts), [[Fink (software)|Fink]], and [[Homebrew (package management software)|Homebrew]] are projects to port UNIX programs to the Darwin operating system and provide [[package management]]. In addition, several standard UNIX package managers—such as [[RPM Package Manager|RPM]], [[pkgsrc]], and [[Portage (software)|Portage]]—have Darwin ports. Some of these operate in their own namespace so as not to interfere with the base system.
* GNU-Darwin was a project that ports packages of free software to Darwin. They package OS images in a way similar to a [[Linux distribution]].
* The [[Darwine]] project was a [[porting|port]] of [[Wine (software)|Wine]] that allows one to run [[Microsoft Windows]] software on Darwin.
* SEDarwin was a port of [[TrustedBSD]] [[mandatory access control]] framework and portions of the [[SELinux]] framework to Darwin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sedarwin.org/ |title=Security Enhanced Darwin |publisher=SEDarwin |date=January 22, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005174023/http://www.sedarwin.org/|archive-date=October 5, 2011}}</ref> It was incorporated into Mac OS X 10.5.<ref>{{cite web |title=What's New In Mac OS X: Mac OS X v10.5 |work=Mac OS X Reference Library |publisher=Apple Inc |date=November 13, 2009 |url= https://developer.apple.com/mac/library/releasenotes/MacOSX/WhatsNewInOSX/Articles/MacOSX10_5.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208233045/http://developer.apple.com/Mac/library/releasenotes/MacOSX/WhatsNewInOSX/Articles/MacOSX10_5.html| archive-date=December 8, 2009}}</ref>
* The Darbat project was an experimental port of Darwin to the [[L4 microkernel family]]. It aims to be [[binary compatible]] with existing Darwin binaries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ertos.nicta.com.au/software/darbat/ |title=L4/Darwin (aka Darbat) |publisher=Ertos.nicta.com.au |date=May 9, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219064814/http://www.ertos.nicta.com.au/software/darbat/ |archive-date=December 19, 2013}}</ref>
* The [[Darling (software)|Darling]] project is a compatibility layer for running macOS binaries on Linux systems. It uses some Darwin source code.<ref>{{cite web |title=Darling: macOS translation layer for Linux |url=https://www.darlinghq.org/ |website=www.darlinghq.org |access-date=11 January 2020 |archive-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421131450/https://www.darlinghq.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* There are various projects that focus on driver support: e.g., wireless drivers,<ref>{{cite web |author=yuriwho |url=http://wirelessdriver.sourceforge.net/ |title=WirelessDriver Home Page |publisher=Wirelessdriver.sourceforge.net |date=May 5, 2002 |access-date=July 12, 2010 |archive-date=July 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728200428/http://wirelessdriver.sourceforge.net/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=iwi2200 Darwin |publisher=[[SourceForge]] |date=March 27, 2009 |url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/iwi2200/ |access-date=June 13, 2010 |archive-date=August 18, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090818023423/http://sourceforge.net/projects/iwi2200/ |url-status=live }}</ref> wired [[network interface card|NIC]] drivers<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/darwin-tulip/ |title=Port BSD tulip driver(s) to Darwin OS &#124; Download Port BSD tulip driver(s) to Darwin OS software for free at |publisher=SourceForge.net |access-date=July 12, 2010 |archive-date=July 16, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100716175829/http://sourceforge.net/projects/darwin-tulip/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=RealTek network driver for Mac OS X/Darwin |publisher=[[SourceForge]] |date=March 15, 2006 |url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/darwin-rtl8139 |access-date=June 3, 2010 |archive-date=July 24, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724204411/http://sourceforge.net/projects/darwin-rtl8139/ |url-status=live }} ''Project inactive since March 15, 2006.''</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=fansui |title=RTL8150LMEthernet |publisher=SourceForge |date=August 1, 2007 |url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/rtl8150lm |access-date=June 13, 2010 |display-authors=etal |archive-date=September 7, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907032303/http://sourceforge.net/projects/rtl8150lm |url-status=live }}</ref> modem drivers,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/darwinmodems |title=ZyXEL Modem Drivers for OS X/Darwin &#124; Download ZyXEL Modem Drivers for OS X/Darwin software for free at |publisher=SourceForge.net |date=May 14, 2002 |access-date=July 12, 2010 |archive-date=January 7, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107024501/http://sourceforge.net/projects/darwinmodems/ |url-status=live }}</ref> card readers,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pccardata.sourceforge.net/ |title=Mac OS X PC Card ATA Driver |publisher=Pccardata.sourceforge.net |date=December 20, 2001 |access-date=July 12, 2010 |archive-date=August 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805235201/http://pccardata.sourceforge.net/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[ext2]] and [[ext3]] file systems.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/ext2fsx/ |title=Mac OS X Ext2 Filesystem &#124; Download Mac OS X Ext2 Filesystem software for free at |publisher=SourceForge.net |date=October 14, 2002 |access-date=July 12, 2010 |archive-date=July 22, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100722030450/http://sourceforge.net/projects/ext2fsx/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=ext2 filesystem in user space |publisher=[[SourceForge]] |date=July 14, 2008 |url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/ext2fuse |access-date=June 13, 2010 |archive-date=July 26, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726001114/http://sourceforge.net/projects/ext2fuse/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* DarwinBSD Project is a Darwin project using pkgsrc for packages. It is an open source project.<ref>{{cite web |title=DarwinBSD |url=http://darwinbsd.tk/ |website=darwinbsd.tk |access-date=7 April 2023 |archive-date=March 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323004704/http://darwinbsd.tk/ |url-status=live }}</ref>