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Denial-of-service attack
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===Attack tools=== In cases such as [[MyDoom]] and [[Slowloris (computer security)|Slowloris]], the tools are embedded in [[malware]] and launch their attacks without the knowledge of the system owner. [[Stacheldraht]] is a classic example of a DDoS tool. It uses a layered structure where the attacker uses a [[Client (computing)|client program]] to connect to handlers which are compromised systems that issue commands to the [[Zombie computer|zombie agents]] which in turn facilitate the DDoS attack. Agents are compromised via the handlers by the attacker using automated routines to exploit vulnerabilities in programs that accept remote connections running on the targeted remote hosts. Each handler can control up to a thousand agents.<ref name="Dittrich" /> In other cases a machine may become part of a DDoS attack with the owner's consent, for example, in [[Operation Payback]] organized by the group [[Anonymous (hacker group)|Anonymous]]. The [[Low Orbit Ion Cannon]] has typically been used in this way. Along with [[High Orbit Ion Cannon]] a wide variety of DDoS tools are available today, including paid and free versions, with different features available. There is an underground market for these in hacker-related forums and IRC channels.
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