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Dithmarschen
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===Energy=== [[File:Kuh vor Windrädern.JPG|thumb|left|Wind turbines close to Poppenwurth]] [[File:Pumpe Hemmingstedt.JPG|thumb|Old nodding donkey, Hemmingstedt]] [[File:Hemmingstedt-raffinerie.JPG|thumb|Hemmingstedt refinery]] Commercial wind farming in Germany began in Dithmarschen. Germany's first [[wind park]] was opened 1987 in [[Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog]], the experimental [[GROWIAN]] ("Große Windkraftanlage" – big wind turbine) stood there from 1983 to 1987. As of 2008 the tallest wind turbine in the world is the experimental [[Enercon E-126]] near [[Emden]]. In Dithmarschen stand around 800 [[wind turbine]]s, almost all of them in marshland. That means that 5% of all German wind turbines stand on 0.15% of its area. Except for Büsum, where a small airport prevents their erection, and the nature reserve at Speicherkoog, the whole coastline is lined by wind turbines. In 2003 they produced around [[Watt-hour|KWH]] of energy, which is about half the energy demand of Dithmarschen. According to [[E.on]]-Hanse, the local energy company, in the same time it paid 59 million Euro for the energy, 3 to 5 million Euro were paid to farmers on whose land the turbines stand. The income through taxes for the district is around 4 million Euro each year. Because commercial wind farming in Germany began in Dithmarschen, many wind turbines are relative old and produce only a small amount of electricity. For people interested in wind turbines this makes an interesting contrast, though, since it is possible to see many working varieties of wind turbines standing close to each other. The offshore oil field [[Mittelplate]] close to the coast produces 2 million tons of petroleum, around 54% of German production. The refinery in Hemmingstedt processes around 4 million tons of oil each year, partly from Mittelplate and partly from oil delivered through the Brunsbüttel port. Another oil field between Heide and Hemmingstedt was active until 1991. The nuclear power plant in Brunsbuttel is one of the oldest in Germany. It delivers cheap energy for the important aluminium industry in Schleswig-Holstein. It is supposed to close down in 2009. <!-- === Industry === [[File:Bayerbrunsbuettel.JPG|left|thumb|Bayer in Brunsbüttel]] Die Industrie konzentriert sich in Brunsbüttel. Bereits seit dem Bau des Nord-Ostsee-Kanals gab es dort mehrere industrielle Kleinbetriebe, die die gute Verkehrslage nutzten. In den 1960ern/1970ern fand dort von Land und Kreis initiiert, ein ehrgeiziges Infrastrukturprogramm statt. Der Elbhafen wurde seit den 1960ern analog zu anderen Gebieten der Nordseeküste ([[Emden]]/Dollarthafen; [[Wilhelmshaven]]) verstärkt industrialisiert. Ein ehrgeiziges Infrastrukturprogramm führte zum Bau des Ölhafens (1960), des Elbehafens (1967), des Kernkraftwerks (1976) und eines weiteren Elbehafens (1979) sowie zu Industrieansiedlungen besonders der rohstoffverarbeitenden Industrie. Der erste mineralölverarbeitende Betrieb ''CONDEA'' (heute zu [[Sasol]] gehörend) siedelte sich 1963 an, dazu kamen 1977 ein [[Bayer]]-Werk, Schelde-Chemie (1980), [[VEBA]]-Chemie (1981), eine Düngemittelfabrik des norwegischen Konzerns [[Norsk Hygro]] (heute YARA), ein Bitumenwerk von [[Elf Aquitaine]] (heute zu [[Total|TOTAL SA]] gehörend) und seit 1994 eine Sondermüllverbrennungsanlage. Zudem hält [[DEA]] bzw. jetzt [[Shell]] Bunker- und Speicherkapazitäten vor, die über eine Pipeline mit der Erdölraffinerie in Hemmingstedt verbunden sind. In den letzten Jahren verlor das ehemalige Vision der "nachhaltigen Industrialisierung“ an Glanz. Werke wurden geschlossen, beziehungsweise verkauft und/oder verkleinert. Neben dem Kernkraftwerk in Brunsbüttel liefert vor allem das 1987 gebaute [[Kernkraftwerk Brokdorf]] den Strom für die Anlagen. -->
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