Editing Dog intelligence (section)

== Learning by inference ==
Dogs have been shown to learn by making [[inference]]s in a similar way to children.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Tiffany O'Callaghan|title=Survival of the Friendliest|year=2013|journal=New Scientist|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/new_scientist/2013/03/the_genius_of_dogs_brian_hare_on_friendliness_intelligence_and_inference.html}}</ref><ref name=hare2013/>{{rp|170–180}}Dogs have the ability to train themselves and learn behaviors through watching and interacting with other dogs.<ref>Stanley., Coren, (2004). [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55588158 ''How dogs think : understanding the canine mind'']. New York: Free Press. {{ISBN|0743222326}}. [[OCLC]] [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55588158 55588158].</ref> In one study dogs were first introduced to a setting with two bowls, one with a reward. After four demonstrations to show dogs there was at least one reward in one of the bowls, the empty bowl was lifted and shown then, laid down, 33% of dogs correctly picked the reward bowl more often than the empty bowl.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Junttila |first1=Saara |last2=Valros |first2=Anna |last3=Mäki |first3=Katariina |last4=Väätäjä |first4=Heli |last5=Reunanen |first5=Elisa |last6=Tiira |first6=Katriina |date=2022-12-29 |title=Breed differences in social cognition, inhibitory control, and spatial problem-solving ability in the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) |journal=Scientific Reports |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=22529 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-26991-5 |pmid=36581704 |issn=2045-2322|pmc=9800387 |bibcode=2022NatSR..1222529J }}</ref>