Editing Drug design (section)

== Drug screening ==
Types of drug screening include [[phenotypic screening]], [[high-throughput screening]], and [[virtual screening]]. Phenotypic screening is characterized by the process of screening drugs using cellular or animal disease models to identify compounds that alter the phenotype and produce beneficial disease-related effects.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Prior M, Chiruta C, Currais A, Goldberg J, Ramsey J, Dargusch R, Maher PA, Schubert D | display-authors = 6 | title = Back to the future with phenotypic screening | journal = ACS Chemical Neuroscience | volume = 5 | issue = 7 | pages = 503–513 | date = July 2014 | pmid = 24902068 | pmc = 4102969 | doi = 10.1021/cn500051h }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kotz J |date=April 2012 |title=Phenotypic screening, take two |journal=Science-Business EXchange |language=en |volume=5 |issue=15 |pages=380 |doi=10.1038/scibx.2012.380 |s2cid=72519717 |issn=1945-3477|doi-access=free }}</ref> Emerging technologies in high-throughput screening substantially enhance processing speed and decrease the required detection volume.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hertzberg RP, Pope AJ | title = High-throughput screening: new technology for the 21st century | journal = Current Opinion in Chemical Biology | volume = 4 | issue = 4 | pages = 445–451 | date = August 2000 | pmid = 10959774 | doi = 10.1016/S1367-5931(00)00110-1 }}</ref> Virtual screening is completed by computer, enabling a large number of molecules can be screened with a short cycle and low cost. Virtual screening uses a range of computational methods that empower chemists to reduce extensive virtual libraries into more manageable sizes.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Walters WP, Stahl MT, Murcko MA |date=April 1998 |title=Virtual screening—an overview |journal=Drug Discovery Today |language=en |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=160–178 |doi=10.1016/S1359-6446(97)01163-X}}</ref>