Editing Fast mapping (section)

==In individuals with intellectual disabilities==
A few researchers looked at fast mapping abilities in boys with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), also referred to as [[autism spectrum]], and boys with [[fragile X syndrome]] (FXS). The experimental procedure consisted of a presentation phase where two objects were presented, one of which was a novel object with a nonsense word name. This was followed by a comprehension testing phase, which assessed the boys' ability to remember and correctly select the novel objects. Even though all groups in the study had fast mapping performances above chance levels, in comparison to boys showing typical development, those with ASD and FXS demonstrated much more difficulty in comprehending and remembering names assigned to the novel objects. The authors concluded that initial processes involved in associative learning, such as fast mapping, are hindered in boys with FXS and ASD.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = McDuffie | first1 = A. | last2 = Kover | first2 = S. T. | last3 = Hagerman | first3 = R. | last4 = Abbeduto | first4 = L. | year = 2013 | title = Investigating Word Learning in Fragile X Syndrome: A Fast-Mapping Study | journal = Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | volume = 43 | issue = 7| pages = 1676–1691 | doi=10.1007/s10803-012-1717-3| pmid = 23179343 | pmc=3620772}}</ref>