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Graphic design
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==Related design fields== ===Print design=== {{Main article|Print design}} A specialized branch of graphic design and historically its earliest form, print design involves creating visual content intended for reproduction on physical substrates such as silk, paper, and later, plastic, for mass communication and persuasion (e.g., marketing, governmental publishing, propaganda). Print design techniques have evolved over centuries, beginning with the invention of movable type by the Chinese alchemist [[Bi Sheng|Pi Sheng]], later refined by the German inventor [[Johannes Gutenberg]]. Over time, methods such as lithography, screen printing, and offset printing have been developed, culminating in the contemporary use of digital presses that integrate traditional print techniques with modern digital technology. ===Interface design=== {{Main article|User interface design}} Since the advent of personal computers, many graphic designers have become involved in [[interface design]], in an environment commonly referred to as a [[Graphical user interface]] (GUI). This has included [[web design]] and [[software design]] when [[End user|end user-interactivity]] is a design consideration of the layout or interface. Combining visual communication skills with an understanding of user interaction and online branding, graphic designers often work with [[software developer]]s and [[web developer]]s to create the [[look and feel]] of a web site or [[software application]]. An important aspect of interface design is [[icon design]]. ===User experience design=== {{Main article|User experience design}} User experience design (UX) is the study, analysis, and development of creating products that provide meaningful and relevant experiences to users. This involves the creation of the entire process of acquiring and integrating the product, including aspects of branding, design, usability, and function. UX design involves creating the interface and interactions for a website or application, and is considered both an act and an art. This profession requires a combination of skills, including visual design, social psychology, development, project management, and most importantly, empathy towards the end-users.<ref>Hamm, Matthew, J. (2014). ''Wireframing Essentials''. ProQuest Ebook Central, CSULB: Packt Publishing, LimitedProQuest Ebook Central,. {{isbn|9781849698542}}</ref> ===Experiential (environmental) graphic design=== Experiential graphic design is the application of communication skills to the built environment.<ref>{{cite web|title=1.0 Experiential Graphic Design: A Physical Relationship|url=http://faculty.wwu.edu/schadeb/dsgn480/website/images/1.0_XGD.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=13 April 2021|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413230504/http://faculty.wwu.edu/schadeb/dsgn480/website/images/1.0_XGD.pdf}}</ref> Itβs also known as environmental graphic design (EGD) or environmental graphics.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-03-06 |title=Environmental Graphic Design |url=https://www.commarts.com/features/environmental-graphic-design |access-date=2025-04-14 |website=Communication Arts |language=en-us}}</ref> This area of graphic design requires practitioners to understand physical installations that have to be manufactured and withstand the same environmental conditions as buildings. As such, it is a cross-disciplinary collaborative process involving designers, fabricators, city planners, architects, manufacturers and construction teams. Experiential graphic designers try to solve problems that people encounter while interacting with buildings and space (also called environmental graphic design). Examples of practice areas for environmental graphic designers are [[wayfinding]], [[placemaking]], branded environments, exhibitions and museum displays, public installations and digital environments.
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