Editing IBM Research (section)

===Switzerland===
IBM Research – Zurich (previously called IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, ZRL) is the European branch of IBM Research. It was opened in 1956 and is located in [[Rüschlikon]] near [[Zürich]], Switzerland.

In 1956, IBM opened their first European research laboratory in [[Adliswil]], Switzerland. The lab moved to its own campus in neighboring Rüschlikon in 1962. The Zürich lab is staffed by a multicultural and interdisciplinary team of a few hundred permanent research staff members, graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, representing about 45 nationalities. Collocated with the lab is a ''Client Center'' (formerly the ''Industry Solutions Lab''), an executive briefing facility demonstrating technology prototypes and solutions.

The Zürich lab is world-renowned for its scientific achievements—most notably Nobel Prizes in physics in 1986 and 1987 for the invention of the [[scanning tunneling microscope]]<ref name="Nobel1986">{{Cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1986/index.html |title=Nobel Prize in Physics 1986 |access-date=2020-03-21 |archive-date=2008-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917103215/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1986/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and the discovery of [[high-temperature superconductivity]],<ref name="Nobel1987">{{Cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1987/index.html |title=Nobel Prize in Physics 1987 |access-date=2020-03-21 |archive-date=2008-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919014520/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1987/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> respectively. Other key inventions include [[trellis modulation]], which revolutionized data transmission over telephone lines; [[Token Ring]], which became a standard for [[local area network]]s and a highly successful IBM product; the [[Secure Electronic Transaction]] (SET) standard used for highly secure payments; and the [[Java Card OpenPlatform]] (JCOP), a [[smart card]] [[operating system]]. Most recently the lab was involved in the development of [[SuperMUC]], a supercomputer that is cooled using hot water.

The Zürich lab focus areas are future chip technologies; nanotechnology; data storage; quantum computing, brain-inspired computing; security and privacy; risk and compliance; business optimization and transformation; server systems. The Zürich laboratory is involved in many joint projects with universities throughout Europe, in research programs established by the European Union and the Swiss government, and in cooperation agreements with research institutes of industrial partners. One of the lab's most high-profile projects is called [[DOME Microserver|DOME]], which is based on developing an IT roadmap for the [[Square Kilometer Array]].

The research projects pursued at the IBM Zürich lab are organized into four scientific and technical departments: Science & Technology, Cloud and AI Systems Research, Cognitive Computing & Industry Solutions and Security Research. The lab is currently managed by Alessandro Curioni.

On 17 May 2011, IBM and the [[ETH Zurich|Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich]] opened the [[Binnig and Rohrer Nanotechnology Center]], which is located on the same campus in Rüschlikon.<ref>{{cite web|title=IBM and ETH Zurich open collaborative Nanotechnology Center|url=http://www.zurich.ibm.com/news/11/nanocenter.html|work=Press Release|access-date=17 May 2011|archive-date=16 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416221135/http://www.zurich.ibm.com/news/11/nanocenter.html|url-status=live}}</ref>