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Instant camera
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==Applications== Instant cameras have found many uses throughout their history. The original purpose of instant cameras was motivated by Jennifer Land's question to her father (Edwin Land): "Why can't I see them now?" Many people have enjoyed seeing their photos shortly after taking them, allowing them to recompose or retake the photo if they didn't get it right. But instant cameras were found to be useful for other purposes such as ID cards, passport photos, [[Ultrasound photo|ultrasound photos]], and other uses which required an instant photo. They were also used by [[police officers]] and [[Fire investigation|fire investigators]] because of their ability to create an unalterable instant photo. Medium and large format professional photographers have also used the higher end instant cameras to preview lighting before taking the more expensive medium and/or large format photo. Instant film also has been used in ways that are similar to [[folk art]], including the [[Polaroid transfer|transfer of the images/emulsion]] and image manipulation. [[Script supervisor]]s in film production used instant cameras (until superseded by digital cameras) as standard to aid visual [[Continuity (fiction)|continuity]] by photographing actors, sets or props, to take photographs that could be instantly referred to when a particular set or character's appearance needs to be reset and shot again, or recalled later due to reshoots or the [[Shooting schedule|out-of-sequence shooting schedule]] of a film or television production.<ref>{{cite book|title=Script Supervising and Film Continuity|author=Miller, P|date=1999|publisher=Focal Press|page=5|isbn=978-0240802947|edition=Third}}</ref> The [[fashion]] industry relied upon Polaroid prints as a record of models or potential models.<ref>{{Citation|title=Fashion Industry Mourns Last Season of Polaroid|url=https://www.wsj.com/video/fashion-industry-mourns-last-season-of-polaroid/5B84BDA6-F55A-4D27-8301-EE2F3FF4AB83.html|language=en-US|access-date=2020-07-09|archive-date=2020-07-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200711074038/https://www.wsj.com/video/fashion-industry-mourns-last-season-of-polaroid/5B84BDA6-F55A-4D27-8301-EE2F3FF4AB83.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Instant photography was also useful in conducting a study about the perception of vehicle accidents.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Dickinson|first1=Edward T.|last2=O'Connor|first2=Robert E.|last3=Krett|first3=Richard D.|date=1997-01-01|title=The impact of prehospital instant photography of motor vehicle crashes on receiving physician perception|journal=Prehospital Emergency Care|volume=1|issue=2|pages=76β79|doi=10.1080/10903129708958792|pmid=9709342|issn=1090-3127}}</ref> The instant photos were used to document accidents to show medical professionals the condition of a vehicle after an accident.<ref name=":0" /> Having this visual in turn changed how the physician viewed the accident their patient was in.<ref name=":0" /> With the advent of [[digital photography]], much of the instant camera's consumer appeal has been transferred to [[digital cameras]]. Passport photo cameras have gone to digital, leaving instant cameras to a niche market. '''Instant Cameras and Society''' The introduction of instant camera technologies was important to society because it allowed for more creativity among camera users.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Buse|first=Peter|date=2010-04-01|title=Polaroid into digital: Technology, cultural form, and the social practices of snapshot photography|journal=Continuum|volume=24|issue=2|pages=215β230|doi=10.1080/10304310903363864|s2cid=145078167|issn=1030-4312|url=http://usir.salford.ac.uk/18795/3/Continuum.pdf|access-date=2019-07-24|archive-date=2018-07-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720174708/http://usir.salford.ac.uk/18795/3/Continuum.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Instead of having to use a darkroom to develop photographs, users were able to explore and document their world and experiences as they occurred.<ref name=":1" /> Instant Camera photography acted as an activity to some of its users.<ref name=":1" /> Instant cameras were portrayed by Polaroid as being able to combine the activities of both taking a photo and viewing one, into a singular past time.<ref name=":1" /> Because instant cameras were easy to use, didn't require a darkroom or sending out the film for processing, this allowed couples to take personal private photos without concerns about unwanted third parties viewing the photos.
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