Editing Internet access (section)

====Cable Internet access====
{{main|Cable Internet access}}
Cable Internet provides access using a [[cable modem]] on [[Hybrid fibre-coaxial|hybrid fiber coaxial]] (HFC) wiring originally developed to carry television signals. Either fiber-optic or coaxial copper cable may connect a node to a customer's location at a connection known as a cable drop. Using a [[cable modem termination system]], all nodes for cable subscribers in a neighborhood connect to a cable company's central office, known as the "head end." The cable company then connects to the Internet using a variety of means – usually fiber optic cable or digital satellite and microwave transmissions.<ref name="Dean322">{{cite book|last=Dean|first=Tamara|title=Network+ Guide to Networks|edition=5th|publisher=Course Technology, Cengage Learning|year=2009|url=http://www.cengage.com/search/productOverview.do?N=0&Ntk=P_Isbn13&Ntt=9781423902454|isbn=978-1-4239-0245-4|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420223256/http://www.cengage.com/search/productOverview.do?N=0&Ntk=P_Isbn13&Ntt=9781423902454|archive-date=2013-04-20}} p 322.</ref> Like DSL, broadband cable provides a continuous connection with an ISP.

[[Downstream (computer science)|Downstream]], the direction toward the user, bit rates can be as much as 1000&nbsp;[[Mbit/s]] in some countries, with the use of [[DOCSIS]] 3.1. Upstream traffic, originating at the user, ranges from 384&nbsp;kbit/s to more than 50&nbsp;Mbit/s. DOCSIS 4.0 promises up to {{val|10|u=Gbit/s}} downstream and {{val|6|u=Gbit/s}} upstream, however this technology is yet to have been implemented in real-world usage. Broadband cable access tends to service fewer business customers because existing television cable networks tend to service residential buildings; commercial buildings do not always include wiring for coaxial cable networks.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dean|first=Tamara|title=Network+ Guide to Networks|edition=5th|publisher=Course Technology, Cengage Learning|year=2009|url=http://www.cengage.com/search/productOverview.do?N=0&Ntk=P_Isbn13&Ntt=9781423902454|isbn=978-1-4239-0245-4|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420223256/http://www.cengage.com/search/productOverview.do?N=0&Ntk=P_Isbn13&Ntt=9781423902454|archive-date=2013-04-20}} p 323.</ref> In addition, because broadband cable subscribers share the same local line, communications may be intercepted by neighboring subscribers. Cable networks regularly provide encryption schemes for data traveling to and from customers, but these schemes may be thwarted.<ref name="Dean322"/>