Editing MBTA Commuter Rail (section)

== Rolling stock ==
[[File:MBTA Commuter Rail Maintenance Facility aerial.JPG|thumb|right|Aerial view of the MBTA Commuter Rail Maintenance Facility]]
All MBTA commuter rail service is provided by [[push-pull train]]s powered by [[diesel locomotive]]s with a [[cab car]] on the opposite end. The locomotive is usually on the end facing away from Boston so that diesel exhaust does not enter the passenger concourses at North Station and South Station. Trains typically have four to eight coaches (with six the most common) and seat between 400 and 1,400 passengers. Approximately 62 trainsets are needed for weekday service.<ref name="roster">{{cite web |url=http://www.transithistory.org/roster/ |title=The MBTA Vehicle Inventory Page |publisher=Boston Street Railway Association |access-date=October 5, 2024}}</ref>

The primary heavy maintenance facility is the [[MBTA Commuter Rail Maintenance Facility]], located in the [[Inner Belt District]] in [[Somerville, Massachusetts|Somerville]]. It is also used for midday and overnight storage of trains on the northside lines. Southampton Street Yard and the Readville Interim Layover facility are used for light maintenance and layover service. [[List of Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority yards#Commuter rail|Various other layover facilities]] are used for midday and overnight storage; most are located near the outer ends of the lines.<ref name=bluebook>{{MBTA Bluebook 2014}}</ref> Some maintenance and storage of MBTA equipment is contracted out to the [[Seaview Transportation Company]] in [[North Kingstown, Rhode Island]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Bessette |first=James |date=July 1, 2016 |title=All aboard! Seaview Transportation Company rides the rails to success |language=en |website=[[South County Independent]] |url=https://www.independentri.com/independents/ind/north_kingstown/article_8196aed9-7f2f-58c8-9b64-c7b684efb856.html |url-status=live |access-date=October 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217031227/https://www.independentri.com/independents/ind/north_kingstown/article_8196aed9-7f2f-58c8-9b64-c7b684efb856.html |archive-date=February 17, 2022}}</ref>

[[List of Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority yards#Future yards|Several additional yards]] are under construction or planned. Two layovers are under construction for South Coast Rail, with service planned for mid-2025, and the Haverhill Line layover at {{bts|Bradford}} is proposed for relocation later in the 2020s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cdn.mbta.com/sites/default/files/2022-03/2022-03-24-proposed-fy23-27-mbta-cip-2.pdf |title=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority FY23-27 Capital Investment Plan (CIP): Proposed |date=March 2022 |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority |page=70}}</ref> A new midday layover yard at the former [[Beacon Park Yard]] is planned to be constructed by 2032 as part of the realignment of I-90.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mass.gov/doc/allston-multimodal-fact-sheet-english/download |title=Allston Multimodal Project Fact Sheet |year=2021 |publisher=Massachusetts Department of Transportation}}</ref> A large midday and overnight layover yard, which would support expanded service including [[#Regional rail and electrification|regional rail and electrification]], is planned at [[Widett Circle]] near South Station.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cdn.mbta.com/sites/default/files/2022-12/7.%20Widett%20Open%20Session%20Board%2012-15-22%20Final.pdf |title=Widett Circle Acquisition |date=December 15, 2022 |first=Richard |last=Henderson |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.mbta.com/news/2022-12-15/mbta-seeks-purchase-widett-circle-property-commuter-rail-layover-yard |title=MBTA Seeks to Purchase Widett Circle Property for Commuter Rail Layover Yard |date=December 15, 2022 |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref> The MBTA also plans to construct a southside maintenance and layover facility at {{bts|Readville}} in 2023–2028, replacing the existing layover yard there, as the [[Grand Junction Railroad|Grand Junction Branch]] will be closed for several years during the I-90 project.<ref>{{cite book |chapter-url=https://cdn.mbta.com/sites/default/files/2022-11/2022-11-10_ssmf-eenf_executive-summary.pdf |title=South Side Maintenance and Layover Facility EENF |chapter=Executive Summary |date=November 2022 |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref>

=== Locomotive fleet ===
{{As of|2024|10}}, the MBTA owned 109 locomotives. Of these, 87 were in active passenger service. Eleven were undergoing rebuild, six awaiting repairs, and five retired or out of service. All passenger locomotives are equipped with [[head end power]]. Rebuilding of 37 F40PH-2C and F40PHM-2C locomotives to F40PH-3C class by [[MotivePower]] (MPI) began in 2017; other older locomotives are also being rebuilt by MPI or in-house.<ref name=roster />

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year built<ref name="roster" />
!Builder<ref name="roster" />
!Model<ref name="roster" />
!Numbers<ref name="roster" />
!Number active<ref name=roster />
!Notes<ref name="roster" />
!Image
|-
|1973–1975
|[[General Motors Diesel|GMD]]
|[[GMD GP40MC|GP40MC]]
|1115–1139
|19
|Originally built as [[EMD GP40-2|GP40-2LW]] for [[Canadian National Railways]]; rebuilt by AMF for passenger service in 1997. Most are being rebuilt in-house.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 1119 at North Station, October 2005.jpg|100px]]
|-
|1987–1988
|[[Electro Motive Diesel|EMD]]
| rowspan="2" |[[EMD F40PH|F40PH-3C]]
|1050–1075
|20
|Originally built as [[EMD F40PH-2C|F40PH-2C]]. Rebuilt by MPI in 2001–2003, and again by MPI as F40PH-3C in 2019–present.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA commuter rail train at Anderson RTC, 2023.jpg|100px]]
|-
|1991–1993
|[[Morrison–Knudsen]]
|1025–1036
|8
|Originally built as [[EMD F40PH|F40PHM-2C]]. Rebuilt by MPI in 2003–2004, and again by MPI as F40PH-3C in 2019–present.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 1032 at Bellingham Square station, June 2019.jpg|100px]]
|-
|2009
|MPI
|[[MPI MPXpress#MP36PH-3C|MP36PH-3C]]
|010-011
|0
|Purchased from [[Utah Transit Authority]] in 2011.<ref name=roster /><ref name="UTABUY">{{cite news |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/breaking_news/2011/02/mbta_unveils_fi.html |title=MBTA unveils first new locomotive in 23 years |last=Finucane |first=Martin |date=February 7, 2011 |newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]] |archive-date=February 16, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216192116/http://www.boston.com/news/local/breaking_news/2011/02/mbta_unveils_fi.html}}</ref> Being overhauled by MPI.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 010 in Hyannis, June 2013.JPG|100px]]
|-
|2013–2014
|MPI
|[[MPI HSP46|HSP46]]
|2000–2039
|40
|
|[[File:MBTA 2001 at CRMF, October 2013.jpg|100px]]
|-
|2009
|[[National Railway Equipment Company|NRE]]
|[[NRE 3GS21B]]
|3248–3249
|0
|Work locomotives – not used for passenger service<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA3gs21b at Boston.JPG|100px]]
|}

=== Coach fleet ===
{{As of|2024|10}}, the MBTA owned 552 coaches. Of these, 448 were in active service, three being repaired or overhauled, and 101 stored pending disposition or reuse.<ref name="roster" /> Coaches whose designations start with BTC (Blind Trailer Coach) are conventional coaches, while those starting with CTC (Control Trailer Coach) are [[cab car]]s. Coaches acquired before 1990 were single-level cars with 88 to 127 seats; those since are bilevel cars with 173 to 185 seats.<ref name=roster /> Some coaches are equipped with electronic doors for use on the Middleborough/Lakeville, Kingston, and Greenbush lines, which have full-length high-level platforms at all stations. All BTC-3, CTC-3, BTC-4C, and BTC-4D coaches have restrooms.<ref name="roster" /> During winter months, a Ski Train serving [[Wachusett Mountain (ski area)|Wachusett Mountain]] runs on the Fitchburg Line, using a coach car which is equipped for carrying bicycles or skis.<ref name=roster /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mbta.com/destinations/wachusett-mountain |title=Wachusett Mountain |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref> Three converted coaches – a bike car and two cafe cars – are reserved for the [[CapeFLYER]].<ref name=roster />

The agency issued a $279 million contract (total project cost of $345 million) for 80 additional [[Rotem Commuter Cars|Rotem]] [[MBTA bilevel cars|bilevel coaches]] in September 2019, with delivery expected from September 2022 to June 2024.<ref name=2019award>{{cite press release |url=https://mbta.com/news/2019-09-23/fmcb-approves-the-procurement-80-new-commuter-rail-bi-level-coaches |title=FMCB Approves the Procurement of 80 New Commuter Rail Bi-Level Coaches |date=September 23, 2019 |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref> The contract was later modified to 83 coaches, of which 43 are cab cars.<ref name=roster /> The first four of the 83 bilevel cars arrived in June 2022 and entered service in 2023.<ref name=roster /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://mbta.com/sites/default/files/2022-06/2.%20GM%20Report%20to%20Board%2006.23.2022-Final2.pdf |page=11 |title=GM Report |first=Steve |last=Poftak |date=June 23, 2022 |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref> In May 2024, the MBTA exercised an option order for 41 additional trailer coaches at a cost of $203 million, with deliveries to begin in mid-2026.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cdn.mbta.com/sites/default/files/2024-05/10.%20FINAL%20and%20DRAFT%202_MassDOT%20Board%20HRU%20Option%20Presentation_05172024_FINAL.pdf |date=May 23, 2024 |title=Hyundai Rotem Bi-Level Coach Option Procurement |first=William G. |last=Wolfgang |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref> An $165 million option for 39 additional coaches (29 trailers and 10 cab cars), which would allow the retirement of all remaining single-level equipment, was exercised in November 2024 with deliveries to begin in 2027.<ref name=Rotem112024>{{cite web |url=https://cdn.mbta.com/sites/default/files/2024-11/6%28a%29.%20MassDOT%20Board%20HRU%2039%20Coach%20Option%2011182024_jt.pdf |title=Hyundai Rotem Thirty-Nine (39) Bi-Level Coach Option Procurement |date=November 21, 2024 |first=William G. |last=Wolfgang |publisher=Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year built<ref name="roster" />
!Builder<ref name="roster" />
!Model<ref name="roster" />
!Numbers<ref name="roster" />
!Number active<ref name="roster" />
!Seats<ref name="roster" />
!Notes
!Image
|-
|1978–79
|[[Pullman Company|Pullman]]
|BTC-1C
|200–202, 204–214, 216–258
|32
|114
|Rebuilt from BTC-1 and CTC-1 cars in 1995–1996. Coach 219 is a bike/ski car, 221 a bike car, and 224 and 225 café cars.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 240 at West Natick station, May 2017.JPG|100px]]
|-
|1987
|[[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]]
|BTC-1A
|350–389
|40
|127
|
|[[File:MBTA 387 at Wedgemere station, December 2023.JPG|100px]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|1987–88
|rowspan="2"|[[Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm|MBB]]
|BTC-3
|500–542
|10
|86
|533–542 were converted from CTC-3 in 2019–2022.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 507 in dead line, April 2014.JPG|100px]]
|-
|CTC-3
|1500–1533
|0
|96
|
|[[File:Train entering Waverley MBTA Station, Belmont MA.jpg|100px]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|1989–90
|rowspan="2"|Bombardier
|BTC-1B
|600–653
|49
|122
|
|[[File:Outbound train arrives at North Wilmington station August 2021.jpg|100px]]
|-
|CTC-1B
|1600–1652
|20
|122
|Cab controllers have been deactivated in coaches 1600–1624 for use as blind coaches. No cars of this group are still in active service as control trailer coaches.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA cab car 1633 at Rockport.JPG|100px]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|1990–91
|rowspan="2"|[[Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company|Kawasaki]]
|[[MBTA bilevel cars|BTC-4]]
|700–749
|50
|185
|All units were overhauled by [[Alstom]] in 2014–2019.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 746 at Endicott station, November 2015.JPG|100px]]
|-
|[[MBTA bilevel cars|CTC-4]]
|1700–1724
|24
|175
|All active units were overhauled by Alstom in 2014–2019.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 1705 at Ruggles station, July 2021.jpg|100px]]
|-
|1997–1998
|Kawasaki
|[[MBTA bilevel cars|BTC-4A]]
|750–766
|17
|182
|All units were overhauled by Alstom in 2019–2021.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:BTC-4A coaches on the CapeFLYER.JPG|100px]]
|-
|2001–2002
|Kawasaki
|[[MBTA bilevel cars|BTC-4B]]
|767–781
|15
|182
|All units were overhauled by Alstom in 2019–2021.<ref name=roster />
|[[File:MBTA 775 at East Braintree Weymouth Landing station, January 2017.JPG|100px]]
|-
|2005–2006
|Kawasaki
|[[MBTA bilevel cars|BTC-4C]]
|900–932
|33
|178
|
|[[File:MBTA 915 in Hyannis Yard, June 2013.JPG|100px]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|2012–2014
|rowspan="2"|[[Hyundai Rotem]]
|[[MBTA bilevel cars|BTC-4D]]
|800–846
|47
|179
|
|[[File:MBTA 829 at Norwood Depot, July 2021.jpg|100px]]
|-
|[[MBTA bilevel cars|CTC-5]]
|1800–1827
|28
|173
|
|[[File:MBTA 1824 at South Station, May 2017.jpg|100px]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|2022–2024
|rowspan="2"|Hyundai Rotem
|BTC-4D
|847–886
|40
|179
|
|[[File:Photo op train at Freetown station, December 2022.jpg|100px]]
|-
|CTC-5
|1828–1870
|43
|173
|
|[[File:MBTA 1834 at Fall River Depot 2.jpg|100x100px]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|2026–2027
|rowspan="2"|Hyundai Rotem
|BTC-4D
|
|70
|179
|Deliveries will start in 2026<ref name="roster" />
|
|-
|CTC-5
|
|10
|173
|Deliveries will start in 2027<ref name=Rotem112024 />
|}

=== Retired equipment ===
[[File:MBTA 1101 with GO coaches at South Station, March 1979.jpg|thumb|An EMD FP10 locomotive with rented GO Transit coaches at South Station in 1979]]
As the MBTA assumed control of the commuter rail during the 1970s, it inherited various equipment from predecessor railroads.<ref name=railwayage>{{cite magazine |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1215/is_n11_v192/ai_11544541/ |title=How MBTA rebuilt ridership |magazine=Railway Age |date=November 1991 |access-date=August 3, 2008 |author=Middleton, William D. |archive-date=May 22, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522111804/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1215/is_n11_v192/ai_11544541/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The 1976 purchase of B&M and Penn Central equipment included 94 [[Budd Rail Diesel Car]]s (RDCs) – 86 from the B&M and eight from Penn Central – plus 116 Penn Central coaches and 25 Penn Central [[EMD E8|E8]] and [[EMD GP9|GP9]] diesel locomotives.<ref name=roster /> Although the MBTA purchased some new equipment in 1978–1980, large locomotive and coach fleets were not purchased until the late 1980s, so the first decade of combined operations used a variety of secondhand equipment in addition to that acquired in 1976:<ref name=railwayage /><ref name=roster />
*Four [[ALCO PA]] locomotives leased from the [[Delaware and Hudson Railway]] in 1978<ref name=roster />
*48 coaches leased from [[GO Transit]] in 1978–1980. 51 coaches (some of which were in the previous group) were leased in 1984–85.<ref name=roster />
*19 [[EMD GP7]] locomotives leased from the B&M in 1978–1982<ref name=roster />
*24 RDCs acquired or leased from [[MARC Train|MARC]], [[SEPTA Regional Rail|SEPTA]], and [[NJ Transit Rail Operations|New Jersey Transit]] between 1983 and 1987<ref name=roster />
*11 EMD GP9 locomotives acquired from the [[Burlington Northern Railroad]] and [[SEMTA]] in 1983–1986<ref name=roster />
*One [[EMD SW9]] locomotive acquired from the [[Seaboard Coast Line Railroad]] in 1984<ref name=roster />
Most of the secondhand and inherited equipment was retired between 1979 and 1989. 33 ex-B&M RDCs were converted to locomotive-hauled coaches (designated BTC-2 and CTC-2) in 1980 and 1982; they were retired by 1989. This left all MBTA service operated by locomotives and coaches purchased new by the MBTA.<ref name=railwayage /><ref name=roster /> At several points since, the MBTA or its contract operator has temporarily leased locomotives when needed. Some passenger equipment acquired new by the MBTA has been retired:
*18 [[EMD F40PH]] locomotives (1000–1017), built 1978–1980 and last ran in 2015<ref name=roster />
*19 [[EMD FP10]] locomotives (1100–1114 and 1150–1153), rebuilt 1979 from [[Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad]] locomotives and last ran in 1991<ref name=railwayage /><ref name=roster />