Editing Machine code (section)

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="Andriesse-Bos_2014">{{cite conference |title=Instruction-Level Steganography for Covert Trigger-Based Malware |first1=Dennis |last1=Andriesse |first2=Herbert |last2=Bos |author-link2=:d:Q56565972 |date=2014-07-10<!-- /11 --> |editor-first=Sven |editor-last=Dietrich |conference=11th [[International Conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment]] (DIMVA) |publisher=[[Springer International Publishing]] |series=[[Lecture Notes in Computer Science]] |publication-place=Egham, UK; Switzerland |location=Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-08509-8_3 |s2cid=4634611 |id=LNCS 8550 |issn=0302-9743 |eissn=1611-3349 |isbn=978-3-31908508-1 |pages=41–50 [45] |url=https://www.cs.vu.nl/~herbertb/papers/stega_dimva14.pdf |access-date=2023-08-26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826135254/https://www.cs.vu.nl/~herbertb/papers/stega_dimva14.pdf |archive-date=2023-08-26}} (10 pages)</ref>
<ref name="Dourish_2004">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DCIy2zxrCqcC&pg=PA7 |title=Where the Action is: The Foundations of Embodied Interaction |last=Dourish |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Dourish |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |date=2004 |access-date=2023-03-05 |page=7 |isbn=0-262-54178-5}}</ref>
<ref name="Gates">{{citation |title=Personal communication |first=William "Bill" Henry |last=Gates |author-link=William Henry Gates III |date=}} (NB. According to {{citeref|Jacob|Jakubowski|Venkatesan|2007|Jacob et al|style=plain}}.)</ref>
<ref name="Harris_2007">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5X7JV5-n0FIC |title=Digital Design and Computer Architecture |last1=Harris |first1=David |last2=Harris |first2=Sarah L. |publisher=[[Morgan Kaufmann Publishers]] |date=2007 |access-date=2023-03-05 |isbn=978-0-12-370497-9}}</ref>
<ref name="HN_2021">{{cite web |title=Unintended Instructions on x86 |date=2021 |work=Hacker News |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27113890 |access-date=2021-12-24 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225000914/https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27113890 |archive-date=2021-12-25}}</ref>
<ref name="IBM_ADA">{{cite web |url=https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/hla-and-tf/1.6?topic=information-associated-data-architecture |title=Associated Data Architecture |work=High Level Assembler and Toolkit Feature}}</ref>
<ref name=IBM_ADATA>{{cite book
 | title       = High Level Assembler for z/OS & z/VM & z/VSE - 1.6 -HLASM Programmer's Guide
 | id          = SC26-4941-07
 | date        = October 2022
 | edition     = Eighth
 | section     = Associated data file output 
 | section-url = https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/SSENW6_1.6.0/pdf/asmp1024_pdf.pdf#page=304
 | pages       = 278–332
 | url         = https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/SSENW6_1.6.0/pdf/asmp1024_pdf.pdf
 | publisher   = [[IBM]]
 | access-date = February 14, 2025
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</ref>

<ref name="IBM_COBOL">{{cite web |url=https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/cobol-zos/6.2?topic=appendixes-cobol-sysadata-file-contents |title=COBOL SYSADATA file contents |work=Enterprise COBOL for z/OS}}</ref>
<ref name=IBM_GOFF>{{cite book
 | title       = z/OS - 3.1 - MVS Program Management: Advanced Facilities
 | id          = SA23-1392-60
 | date        = December 18, 2024
 | edition     = 
 | section     = Appendix C. Generalized object file format (GOFF)
 | section-url = https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/SSLTBW_3.1.0/pdf/ieab200_v3r1.pdf#page=203
 | pages       = 201–240
 | url         = https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/SSLTBW_3.1.0/pdf/ieab200_v3r1.pdf
 | publisher   = [[IBM]]
 | access-date = February 14, 2025
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</ref>
<ref name="Jacob-Jakubowski-Venkatesan_2007">{{cite conference |title=Towards Integral Binary Execution: Implementing Oblivious Hashing Using Overlapped Instruction Encodings |first1=Matthias |last1=Jacob |first2=Mariusz H. |last2=Jakubowski |first3=Ramarathnam |last3=Venkatesan |author-link3=:d:Q102402462 |conference=Proceedings of the 9th workshop on Multimedia & Security (MM&Sec '07) |location=Dallas, Texas, US |date=20–21 September 2007 |publisher=[[Association for Computing Machinery]] |isbn=978-1-59593-857-2 |citeseerx=10.1.1.69.5258 |doi=10.1145/1288869.1288887 |s2cid=14174680 |pages=129–140 |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/jacob07overlap.pdf |access-date=2021-12-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180904062911/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/jacob07overlap.pdf |archive-date=2018-09-04}} (12 pages)</ref>
<ref name="Jakubowski_2016">{{cite web |title=Graph Based Model for Software Tamper Protection |first=Mariusz H. |last=Jakubowski |date=February 2016 |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/mariuszj-jacob07overlap.ppt |access-date=2023-08-19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031000757/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/mariuszj-jacob07overlap.ppt |archive-date=2019-10-31}}<!-- ACM Multimedia and Security '07. Dallas, TX (USA) Apply overlapped code towards obfuscation and tamper-resistance via OH. Disassembly tends to resynchronize naturally – but we can prevent this. ... Kruskal count: Such disassembly synchronizes in about B2/16 step --></ref>
<ref name="Jämthagen_2016">{{cite book |title=On Offensive and Defensive Methods in Software Security |last=Jämthagen |first=Christopher |date=November 2016 |issn=1654-790X |number=89 |isbn=978-91-7623-942-1 |type=Thesis |publisher=Department of Electrical and Information Technology, [[Lund University]] |publication-place=Lund, Sweden |page=96 |url=https://lucris.lub.lu.se/ws/portalfiles/portal/15764406/dissertation.pdf |access-date=2023-08-26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826135321/https://lucris.lub.lu.se/ws/portalfiles/portal/15764406/dissertation.pdf |archive-date=2023-08-26}} (1+xvii+1+152 pages)</ref>
<ref name="Kinder_2010">{{cite book |title=Static Analysis of x86 Executables |trans-title=Statische Analyse von Programmen in x86 Maschinensprache |type=Dissertation |first=Johannes |last=Kinder |location=Munich, Germany |date=2010-09-24 |publisher=[[Technische Universität Darmstadt]] |id=D17 |url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/167546/files/thesis.pdf |access-date=2021-12-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112013336/https://os.zhdk.cloud.switch.ch/tind-tmp-epfl/d6128d9d-0768-42e2-9576-1529206df956?response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%2A%3DUTF-8%27%27thesis.pdf&response-content-type=application%2Fpdf&AWSAccessKeyId=ded3589a13b4450889b2f728d54861a6&Expires=1605231216&Signature=%2FqOKvUdS%2FETy6xHfdFh5q4UJ82k%3D |archive-date=2020-11-12}} (199 pages)</ref>
<ref name="Lagarias-Rains-Vanderbei_2001">{{cite book |title=The Mathematics of Preference, Choice and Order |first1=Jeffrey "Jeff" Clark |last1=Lagarias |author-link1=Jeffrey Clark Lagarias |first2=Eric Michael |last2=Rains |author-link2=Eric Michael Rains |first3=Robert J. |last3=Vanderbei |chapter=The Kruskal Count |author-link3=Robert J. Vanderbei |date=2009 |orig-date=2001-10-13 |arxiv=math/0110143 |series=Studies in Choice and Welfare |editor-first1=Stephen |editor-last1=Brams |editor-first2=William V. |editor-last2=Gehrlein |editor-first3=Fred S. |editor-last3=Roberts |publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] |publication-place=Berlin / Heidelberg, Germany |isbn=978-3-540-79127-0 |pages=371–391|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-79128-7_23 }} (22 pages)</ref>
<ref name="Managed">{{cite web |title=Managed, Unmanaged, Native: What Kind of Code Is This? |url=http://www.developer.com/net/cplus/article.php/2197621/Managed-Unmanaged-Native-What-Kind-of-Code-Is-This.htm |website=developer.com |date=28 April 2003 |access-date=2008-09-02}}</ref>
<ref name="Microsoft_PDB">{{cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/debugger/debug-interface-access/querying-the-dot-pdb-file?view=vs-2022 |title=Querying the .Pdb File |website=Microsoft Learn|date=12 January 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="Microsoft_Symbols">{{cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/debugger/symbols |title=Symbols for Windows debugging |website=Microsoft Learn|date=20 December 2022}}</ref>
<ref name="RE_2013">{{cite web |title=What is "overlapping instructions" obfuscation? |date=2013-04-07 |work=Reverse Engineering Stack Exchange |url=https://reverseengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/1531/what-is-overlapping-instructions-obfuscation |access-date=2021-12-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225002323/https://reverseengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/1531/what-is-overlapping-instructions-obfuscation |archive-date=2021-12-25}}</ref>
<ref name="Shacham_2007">{{cite conference |title=The Geometry of Innocent Flesh on the Bone: Return-into-libc without Function Calls (on the x86) |first=Hovav |last=Shacham |conference=Proceedings of the ACM, CCS 2007 |publisher=[[ACM Press]] |date=2007 |url=https://hovav.net/ucsd/dist/geometry.pdf |access-date=2021-12-24 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215203157/https://hovav.net/ucsd/dist/geometry.pdf |archive-date=2021-12-15}}</ref>
<ref name="Stallings_2015">{{cite book |last=Stallings |first=William |title=Computer Organization and Architecture 10th edition |date=2015 |page=776 |publisher=Pearson Prentice Hall |isbn=9789332570405}}</ref>
<ref name="Zaks_1982">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/ProgrammingTheZ80 |title=Programming the Z80 |edition=Third Revised |last=Zaks |first=Rodnay |author-link=Rodnay Zaks |publisher=[[Sybex]] |date=1982 |access-date=2023-03-05 |pages=67, 120, 609 |isbn=0-89588-094-6}}</ref>
}}