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Mirror test
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===== Proboscidea ===== *[[Asian elephant]] (''Elephas maximus''): In a study performed in 2006, three female Asian elephants were exposed to a large mirror to investigate their responses. Visible marks and invisible sham-marks were applied to the elephants' heads to test whether they would pass the MSR test.<ref name="Plotnik2006" /> One of the elephants showed mark-directed behavior, though the other two did not. An earlier study failed to find MSR in two Asian elephants;<ref name="Povinelli1989">{{cite journal |last1=Povinelli |first1=Daniel J. |title=Failure to find self-recognition in Asian elephants (''Elephas maximus'') in contrast to their use of mirror cues to discover hidden food. |journal=Journal of Comparative Psychology |date=1989 |volume=103 |issue=2 |pages=122β131 |doi=10.1037/0735-7036.103.2.122 }}</ref> it was claimed this was because the mirror was too small.<ref name="Plotnik2006">{{cite journal|last1=Plotnik|first1=J.M.|last2=de Waal|first2=F.B.M.|last3=Reiss|first3=D.|year=2006|title=Self-recognition in an Asian elephant|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=103|issue=45|pages=17053β17057|doi=10.1073/pnas.0608062103|pmid=17075063|bibcode=2006PNAS..10317053P|pmc=1636577|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Elephantselfawareness">{{cite news | title = Elephants' Jumbo Mirror Ability | publisher = [[BBC News]] | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6100430.stm | access-date = 2007-10-31 | date=2006-10-31}}</ref>
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