Editing Multan (section)

====Mamluk dynasty====
Following the death of the first Mumluk Sultan, Qutb al-Din Aibak in 1210, Multan came under the rule of [[Nasiruddin Qabacha]], who in 1222, successfully repulsed an attempted invasion by Sultan Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu of the Khwarazmian Empire,<ref name="UNESCO"/> whose origins were rooted in Konye-Urgench in modern-day Turkmenistan.<ref name="UNESCO"/> Uch and Sindh were also in control of Qabacha.<ref name="Amjad 1989"/>

Qabacha also captured [[Lahore]] many times and ruled all these regions. He repulsed a 40-day siege imposed on Multan city by Mongol forces who attempted to conquer the city.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jain|first1=Harish|title=The Making of Punjab|publisher=Unistar Books, 2003}}</ref> He gathered a large army from Uch, Multan and Bukkhar (Sukkur) and Mongols were repulsed.<ref name="Amjad 1989"/>

Following Qabacha's death that same year, the [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] king [[Iltutmish]], the third Sultan of the Mamluk dynasty, captured and then annexed Multan in an expedition.<ref name="UNESCO">{{cite book|last1=Rafiq|first1=A.Q.|last2=Baloch|first2=N.A.|title=The Regions of Sind, Baluchistan, Multan and Kashmir: the Historical, Social and Economic Setting|publisher=UNESCO|isbn=978-92-3-103467-1|url=https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/sites/silkroad/files/knowledge-bank-article/vol_IVa%20silk%20road_the%20regions%20of%20sind,%20baluchistan,%20multan%20and%20kashmir.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Mehta" /> The Punjabi poet [[Baba Farid]] was born in the village of Khatwal near Multan in the 1200s.<ref name="Ahmed" />

Qarlughids attempted to invade Multan in 1236,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTS2AAAAIAAJ&q=uch+timur&pg=PA227|title=Imperial gazetteer of India: provincial series|date=1908|publisher=Supt. of Govt. Print.|language=en}}</ref> while the Mongols tried to capture the city in 1241 after capturing Lahore – though they were repulsed.<ref name="Mehta"/> The [[Mongols]] under Sali Noyan then successfully held the city to ransom in 1245–6,<ref name=":0" /> before being recaptured by Sultan [[Ghiyas ud din Balban]], the ninth Mamluk Sultan. Multan then fell to the Qarlughids in 1249, but was captured by Sher Khan that same year.<ref name=":0" /> Multan was then conquered by Izz al-Din Balban Kashlu Khan in 1254, before he rebelled against Sultan Ghiyas ud din Balban in 1257 and fled to [[Mesopotamia|Iraq]] where he joined Mongol forces and captured Multan again, and dismantled its city walls.<ref name=":0" /> The Mongols again attempted an invasion in 1279, but were dealt a decisive defeat.<ref name="Ahmed">{{cite book|last1=Ahmed|first1=Farooqui Salma|title=A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: Twelfth to the Mid-Eighteenth Century|date=2011|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=9788131732021}}</ref>