Editing Passiflora edulis (section)

====Fungal diseases====
[[Collar rot]] disease is caused by the fungus ''[[Fusarium solani]]''. It is characterized by [[necrotic]] lesions at the collar region, browning of the stem at soil level, and dark discoloration of the stem. The rotting stem interferes with food and water transport within the plant, leading to withering of the plant until death. Infection occurs mostly through contaminated soil and infected plants which cause the plants to survive for only a few weeks. There are no chemical controls. Management includes planting seedlings in unaffected areas and using clean tools.<ref name="bacterial spot" />

The fungus called [[fusarium wilt]] commonly occurs in adult plants and is caused by ''[[Fusarium oxysporum]]''. The pathogen has ability to survive for long periods, penetrating roots, invading the [[xylem]], and preventing the transport of water and nutrients to other organs of the plant. Once infected, this disease causes leaves to yellow and browning of the vascular system until they wilt and die. It occurs in any type of soil infecting all plants. Management of crops includes planting clean seedlings, uprooting and burning infected plants, and using sterilized tools.<ref name="wilt">{{cite web|url=http://www.padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/pest/main/136585|title=Fusarium wilt of passion fruit|publisher=PaDIL, an initiative of the Australian Government's Department of Agriculture|date=2007|access-date=16 December 2014}}</ref>

The [[anthracnose]], a canker caused by ''Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes'', is a pathogen of the passion fruit creating dark and sunken lesions of the [[trunk (botany)|trunk]].<ref name="anthracnose">{{cite journal|title=First Report of ''Colletotrichum boninense'', ''C. capsici'', and a ''Glomerella'' sp. as Causes of Postharvest Anthracnose of Passion Fruit in Florida|vauthors=Tarnowski TL, Ploetz RC |journal=Plant Disease|year=2010|volume=94|issue=6|page=786|doi=10.1094/PDIS-94-6-0786C|pmid=30754330|doi-access=free|bibcode=2010PlDis..94..786T }}</ref> By attacking mature passion fruit trees, these lesions cause intense defoliation and fruit rot. Many leaves die due to the foliar lesions and the skin of fruits becomes papery. Under warm and humid conditions, this disease can worsen, causing red and orange spores eventually killing the plant. Infection is carried out through the residues of the passion flower, infected seeds, seedlings, and cuttings. Managing this disease involves a combination of using pathogen-free seedlings, eliminating infected areas, and improving ventilation and light conditions. Copper-based fungicides on injured areas can prevent the spread of disease.<ref name="anthracnose" />