Editing Quantum computing (section)

====Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing====
The [[threshold theorem]] shows how increasing the number of qubits can mitigate errors,{{sfn|Nielsen|Chuang|2010 |p=481}} yet fully fault-tolerant quantum computing remains "a rather distant dream".<ref name="preskill2018"/> According to some researchers, ''noisy intermediate-scale quantum'' ([[NISQ]]) machines may have specialized uses in the near future, but [[noise (signal processing)|noise]] in quantum gates limits their reliability.<ref name="preskill2018">{{Cite journal |last=Preskill |first=John |date=6 August 2018 |title=Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond |journal=Quantum |volume=2 |page=79 |arxiv=1801.00862 |doi=10.22331/q-2018-08-06-79 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2018Quant...2...79P |s2cid=44098998}}</ref>
Scientists at [[Harvard University|Harvard]] University successfully created "quantum circuits" that correct errors more efficiently than alternative methods, which may potentially remove a major obstacle to practical quantum computers.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bluvstein |first1=Dolev |last2=Evered |first2=Simon J. |last3=Geim |first3=Alexandra A. |last4=Li |first4=Sophie H. |last5=Zhou |first5=Hengyun |last6=Manovitz |first6=Tom |last7=Ebadi |first7=Sepehr |last8=Cain |first8=Madelyn |last9=Kalinowski |first9=Marcin |last10=Hangleiter |first10=Dominik |last11=Ataides |first11=J. Pablo Bonilla |last12=Maskara |first12=Nishad |last13=Cong |first13=Iris |last14=Gao |first14=Xun |last15=Rodriguez |first15=Pedro Sales |date=2023-12-06 |title=Logical quantum processor based on reconfigurable atom arrays |journal=Nature |volume=626 |issue=7997 |language=en |pages=58–65 |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06927-3 |pmid=38056497 |pmc=10830422 |issn=1476-4687|arxiv=2312.03982 |s2cid=266052773 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Freedberg Jr. |first=Sydney J. |date=2023-12-07 |title='Off to the races': DARPA, Harvard breakthrough brings quantum computing years closer |url=https://breakingdefense.sites.breakingmedia.com/2023/12/off-to-the-races-darpa-harvard-breakthrough-brings-quantum-computing-years-closer/ |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=Breaking Defense |language=en-US}}</ref> The Harvard research team was supported by [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]], [[QuEra Computing]], [[California Institute of Technology|Caltech]], and [[Princeton University|Princeton]] University and funded by [[DARPA]]'s Optimization with Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum devices (ONISQ) program.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 6, 2023 |title=DARPA-Funded Research Leads to Quantum Computing Breakthrough |url=https://www.darpa.mil/news-events/2023-12-06 |access-date=January 5, 2024 |website=darpa.mil}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Choudhury |first=Rizwan |date=2023-12-30 |title=Top 7 innovation stories of 2023 – Interesting Engineering |url=https://interestingengineering.com/lists/top-7-innovation-stories-of-2023-interesting-engineering |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=interestingengineering.com |language=en-US}}</ref>