Editing Scale model (section)

=== Military ===
{{Main|Plan-relief}}
[[Image:Modeltown2006.JPG|thumb|right|Model ships and castle]]

With elements similar to [[miniature wargaming]], [[building model]]s and [[architectural model]]s, a plan-relief is a means of geographical representation in relief as a scale model for military use, to visualize building projects on fortifications or campaigns involving fortifications.

In the first half of the 20th century, navies used hand-made models of warships for identification and instruction in a variety of scales. That of 1:500 was called "teacher scale." Besides models made in 1:1200 and 1:2400 scales, there were also ones made to 1:2000 and 1:5000. Some, made in [[UK|Britain]], were labelled "1 inch to 110 feet", which would be 1:1320 scale, but are not necessarily accurate.

==== Manned ships ====
{{Main|Port Revel}}
Many research workers, hydraulics specialists and engineers have used scale models for over a century, in particular in towing tanks. Manned models are small scale [[Ship model|models]] that can carry and be handled by at least one person on an open expanse of water. They must behave just like real ships, giving the shiphandler the same sensations. Physical conditions such as wind, currents, waves, water depths, channels, and berths must be reproduced realistically.

Manned models are used for research (e.g. ship behaviour), engineering (e.g. port layout) and for [[Port Revel|training in shiphandling]] (e.g. [[maritime pilot]]s, masters and [[officer]]s). They are usually at 1:25 scale.