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== References == {{Reflist|20em}} === Works cited === {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{Cite book |last=Biber |first=Douglas |title=Variation Across Speech and Writing |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1988 |isbn=978-0-521-42556-8}} * {{Cite book |last=Biber |first=Douglas |title=Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English |last2=Johansson |first2=Stig |last3=Leech |first3=Geoffrey |last4=Conrad |first4=S. |last5=Finegan |first5=Edward |publisher=Longman |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-582-23725-4 |author-mask=3}} * {{Cite book |last=Boltz |first=William G. |title=The Origin and Early Development of the Chinese Writing System |publisher=American Oriental Society |year=1994 |isbn=0-940490-78-1}} * {{Cite book |title=Typology of Writing Systems |publisher=John Benjamins |year=2013 |isbn=978-90-272-0270-3 |editor-last=Borgwaldt |editor-first=Susanne R. |series=Benjamins current topics |volume=51 |editor-last2=Joyce |editor-first2=Terry}} ** {{Harvc |in1=Borgwaldt |in2=Joyce |year=2013 |first=David |last=Roberts |c=A tone orthography typology |pages=85–112}} * {{Cite book |last=Carney |first=Edward |title=A Survey of English Spelling |publisher=Routledge |year=1994 |isbn=978-1-138-00668-3}} * {{Cite book|title=The Cambridge Handbook of Historical Orthography|year=2023|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-108-48731-3|editor-last=Condorelli|editor-first=Marco|series=Cambridge handbooks in language and linguistics|editor-last2=Rutkowska|editor-first2=Hanna}} ** {{Harvc |in1=Condorelli |in2=Rutkowska |year=2023 |first=Giedrius |last=Subaćius |c=Materiality of writing |pages=305–323}} * {{Cite book |last=Crystal |first=David |title=Language and the Internet |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-521-86859-4}} * {{Cite book |last=Chafe |first=Wallace |title=Discourse, Consciousness, and Time: The Flow and Displacement of Conscious Experience in Speaking and Writing |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-226-10054-8}} * {{Cite book |last=Crystal |first=David |title=Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-4051-5296-9}} * {{Cite book |last=Daniels |first=Peter T. |title=The World's Writing Systems |last2=Bright |first2=William |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-19-507993-7}} * {{Cite journal |last=Ferguson |first=Charles A. |year=1959 |title=Diglossia |journal=Word |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=325–340 |doi=10.1080/00437956.1959.11659702 |s2cid=239352211 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite book|last=Coulmas|first=Florian|title=Writing Systems: An Introduction to Their Linguistic Analysis|year=2002|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-78217-3 |author-link=Florian Coulmas}} * {{Cite thesis |last=Galea |first=Maria |title=SignWriting (SW) of Maltese Sign Language (LSM) and its development into an orthography: Linguistic considerations |access-date=4 February 2015 |degree=PhD |publisher=University of Malta |url=https://www.academia.edu/10451785 |year=2014}} * {{Cite book |last=Goody |first=John |title=The Logic of Writing and the Organization of Society |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1986 |isbn=978-0-521-33962-9}} * {{Cite book |last=Houston |first=Stephen D. |title=The First Writing: Script Invention as History and Process |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-521-83861-0}} * {{Cite book |last=Kessler |first=Brett |title=The Science of Reading: A Handbook |last2=Treiman |first2=Rebecca |publisher=Blackwell |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-4051-1488-2 |editor-last=Snowling |editor-first=Margaret J. |pages=120-134 |chapter=Writing Systems and Spelling Development |editor-last2=Hulme |editor-first2=Charles}} * {{Cite book |last=Lerer |first=Seth |title=Inventing English: A Portable History of the Language |publisher=Columbia University Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-231-17447-3}} * {{Cite book |last=Meletis |first=Dimitrios |title=The Nature of Writing: A Theory of Grapholinguistics |publisher=Fluxus |year=2020 |isbn=978-2-9570549-2-3 |series=Grapholinguistics and Its Applications |volume=3 |location=Brest |doi=10.36824/2020-meletis |issn=2681-8566 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite book |last=Meletis |first=Dimitrios |title=Writing Systems and Their Use: An Overview of Grapholinguistics |last2=Dürscheid |first2=Christa |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |year=2022 |isbn=978-3-11-075777-4 |series=Trends in Linguistics |volume=369 |author-mask=3}} * {{Cite book |last=Ong |first=Walter J. |title=Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word |publisher=Methuen |year=1982 |isbn=978-0-416-71380-0}} * {{Cite book |last=Parpola |first=Asko |title=Deciphering the Indus Script |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1994 |isbn=0-521-43079-8}} * {{Cite journal |last=Primus |first=Beatrice |year=2003 |title=Zum Silbenbegriff in der Schrift-, Laut- und Gebärdensprache—Versuch einer mediumübergreifenden Fundierung |trans-title=On the concept of syllables in written, spoken and sign language—an attempt to provide a cross-medium foundation |journal=Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft |language=de |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=3–55 |doi=10.1515/zfsw.2003.22.1.3 |issn=1613-3706}} * {{Cite book |last=Robinson |first=Andrew |title=The Story of Writing |publisher=Thames & Hudson |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-500-28660-9}} * {{Cite book |last=Roth |first=Martha Tobi |title=Law Collections from Mesopotamia and Asia Minor |publisher=Society of Biblical Literature |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-7885-0378-8}} * {{Cite book |last=Schmandt-Besserat |first=Denise |title=How Writing Came About |publisher=University of Texas Press |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-292-77704-0}} * {{Cite journal |last=Smolka |first=Vladislav |year=2017 |title=What Comes First, What Comes Next: Information Packaging in Written and Spoken Language |journal=Auc Philologica |issue=1 |pages=51–61 |doi=10.14712/24646830.2017.4 |issn=2464-6830 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite book |last=Tannen |first=Deborah |title=Spoken and Written Language: Exploring Orality and Literacy |publisher=Ablex |year=1982 |isbn=978-0-89391-099-0}} * {{Cite book |last=Venezky |first=Richard L. |title=The American Way of Spelling: The Structure and Origins of American English Orthography |publisher=Guilford |year=1999 |isbn=978-1-57230-469-7}} {{Refend}}
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