Editing Ambiguous image (section)

==Recognizing an object through high-level vision==
[[Image:Necker cube.svg|thumb|The Necker Cube: a wire frame cube with no depth cues.]]
Figures drawn in a way that avoids depth cues may become ambiguous. Classic examples of this phenomenon are the [[Necker cube]],<ref name="Wolfe"/> and the [[rhombille tiling]] (viewed as an [[Isometric projection|isometric]] drawing of cubes).

To go further than just perceiving the object is to recognize the object. Recognizing an object plays a crucial role in resolving ambiguous images, and relies heavily on memory and prior knowledge. To recognize an object, the visual system detects familiar components of it, and compares the perceptual representation of it with a representation of the object stored in memory.<ref name="halko"/> This can be done using various templates of an object, such as "dog" to represent dogs in general. The template method is not always successful because members of a group may significantly differ visually from each other, and may look much different if viewed from different angles. To counter the problem of viewpoint, the visual system detects familiar components of an object in 3-dimensional space. If the components of an object perceived are in the same position and orientation of an object in memory, recognition is possible.<ref name="Wolfe"/> Research has shown that people that are more creative in their imagery are better able to resolve ambiguous images. This may be due to their ability to quickly identify patterns in the image.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Riquelme | first1 = H | year = 2002 | title = Can people creative in imagery interpret ambiguous figures faster than people less creative in imagery? | journal = The Journal of Creative Behavior | volume = 36 | issue = 2| pages = 105–116 | doi = 10.1002/j.2162-6057.2002.tb01059.x }}</ref> When making a [[mental representation]] of an ambiguous image, in the same way as normal images, each part is defined and then put onto the mental representation. The more complex the scene is, the longer it takes to process and add to the representation.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Kosslyn | first1 = S.M. | last2 = Reiser | first2 = B.J. | last3 = Farah | first3 = M.J. | last4 = Fliegel | first4 = S.L. | year = 1983 | title = Generating visual images: Units and relations | journal = Journal of Experimental Psychology: General | volume = 112 | issue = 2| pages = 278–303 | doi = 10.1037/0096-3445.112.2.278 | pmid = 6223974 }}</ref>

===Using memory and recent experience===
Our memory has a large impact on resolving an ambiguous image, as it helps the visual system to identify and recognize objects without having to analyze and categorize them repeatedly. Without memory and prior knowledge, an image with several groups of similar objects will be difficult to perceive. Any object can have an ambiguous representation and can be mistakenly categorized into the wrong groups without sufficient memory recognition of an object. This finding suggests that prior experience is necessary for proper perception.<ref name="daelli">{{cite journal | last1 = Daelli | first1 = V. | last2 = van Rijsbergen | first2 = N.J. | last3 = Treves | first3 = A. | year = 2010 | title = How recent experience affects the perception of ambiguous objects | journal = Brain Research | volume = 1322 | pages = 81–91 | doi = 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.01.060 | pmid=20122901| s2cid = 45388116 }}</ref> Studies have been done with the use of [[Greeble (psychology)|Greebles]] to show the role of memory in object recognition.<ref name="Wolfe"/> The act of priming the participant with an exposure to a similar visual stimulus also has a large effect on the ease of resolving an ambiguity.<ref name="daelli"/>

[[File:Verbeek-rocanoe.gif|thumb|upright|Verbeek's strips could be seen differently when viewed upside down. This image will flip upside-down automatically.]]