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Bhavacakra
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===Western psychological interpretation=== Some western interpreters take a psychological point of view, explaining that different [[karmic]] actions contribute to one's metaphorical existence in different realms, or rather, different actions reinforce personal characteristics described by the realms. According to Mark Epstein, "each realm becomes not so much a specific place but rather a metaphor for a different psychological state, with the entire wheel becoming a representation of neurotic suffering."<ref>Epstein, Mark (2004), p. 17.</ref>
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