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Biochemical oxygen demand
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== Dissolved oxygen probes: Membrane and luminescence == The development of an analytical instrument that utilizes the reduction-oxidation (redox) chemistry of oxygen in the presence of dissimilar metal electrodes was introduced during the 1950s.<ref>Kemula, W. and S. Siekierski (1950). "Polarometric determination of oxygen." Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 15: 1069β75.</ref> This redox electrode (also known as dissolved oxygen sensor<ref name=WWT>{{cite news|title=Technically Speaking: dissolved oxygen control|url=http://wwtonline.co.uk/features/technically-speaking-dissolved-oxygen-control|access-date=28 September 2017|work=Water and Wastewater Treatment|date=10 February 2015}}</ref>) utilized an oxygen-permeable membrane to allow the diffusion of the gas into an electrochemical cell and its concentration determined by polarographic or galvanic electrodes. This analytical method is sensitive and accurate to down to levels of Β± 0.1 mg/L dissolved oxygen. Calibration of the redox electrode of this membrane electrode still requires the use of the Henry's law table or the [[Winkler test for dissolved oxygen]]. [[File:Dissolved oxygen sensor in a sewer treatment plant.webm|thumb|Dissolved oxygen sensor in a [[sewage treatment plant]] used as a feedback loop to control the [[Centrifugal fan|blowers]] in an [[aeration]] system<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wallace|first1=Calvin|title=Repair or Rethink?|url=http://www.tpomag.com/editorial/2012/04/repair_or_rethink|access-date=28 September 2017|work=Treatment Plant Operator|issue=April 2012}}</ref>]]
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