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C++ Standard Library
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===Streams, files, and input/output=== Components that C++ programs may use for input/output manipulation and file manipulation. {| class="wikitable" ! Name !! Description |- | {{code|<filesystem>}} || Added in [[C++17]]. Provides facilities for [[file system]] operations and their components. |- | {{code|<fstream>}} || Provides facilities for file-based input and output. See [[fstream]]. |- | {{code|<iomanip>}} || Provides facilities to manipulate output formatting, such as the [[Radix|base]] used when formatting integers and the [[arithmetic precision|precision]] of [[floating-point arithmetic|floating-point]] values. |- | {{code|<ios>}} || Provides several types and functions basic to the operation of iostreams. |- | {{code|<iosfwd>}} || Provides [[forward declaration]]s of several I/O-related class templates. |- | {{code|<iostream>}} || Provides C++ input and output fundamentals. See [[iostream]]. |- | {{code|<istream>}} || Provides <code>std::istream</code> and other supporting classes for input. |- | {{code|<ostream>}} || Provides <code>std::ostream</code> and other supporting classes for output. |- | {{code|<print>}} || Added in [[C++23]]. Provides formatted output utilities such as <code>std::print</code> supported for both C and C++ streams. |- | {{code|<spanstream>}} || Added in [[C++23]]. Provides <code>std::spanstream</code> and other fixed character buffer I/O streams. |- | {{code|<sstream>}} || Provides <code>std::stringstream</code> and other supporting classes for string manipulation. |- | {{code|<streambuf>}} || Provides reading and writing functionality to/from certain types of character sequences, such as external files or strings. |- | style="background:#F99" | {{code|<strstream>}} | style="background:#F99" | Provides input/output operations on array-backed streams. Deprecated in [[C++98]], removed in [[C++26]]. |- | {{code|<syncstream>}} || Added in [[C++20]]. Provides <code>std::osyncstream</code> and other supporting classes for synchronized output streams. |}
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