Editing CERN Axion Solar Telescope (section)

=== Search for dark energy ===
In the [[dark energy]] domain CAST is currently looking for signatures of a chameleon, which is hypothesized to be a particle produced when dark energy interacts with the photons. This area is currently in its beginning stages, wherein possible ways of dark energy particles coupling with normal matter are being theorized.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-01-24|title=Colliders join the hunt for dark energy|url=https://cerncourier.com/a/colliders-join-the-hunt-for-dark-energy/|access-date=2021-06-23|website=CERN Courier|language=en-GB}}</ref> Using the GridPix detector, the upper bound on the chameleon photon coupling constant- <math>\beta_{\gamma}</math> was determined to be equal to  <math>5.74 \times 10^{10} </math> for <math>\beta_m</math> (chameleon matter coupling constant) in the range of 1 to <math>10^{6}</math>.<ref name=":6" /> KWISP detector obtained an upper limit on the force acting on its detector membrane due to chameleons as <math>44\pm18 </math> pNewton, which corresponds to a specific exclusion zone in <math>\beta_{\gamma}</math>-<math>\beta_m</math> plane and complements the results obtained by GridPix.<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=KWISP detector searches for dark energy from the Sun|url=https://home.cern/news/news/physics/kwisp-detector-searches-dark-energy-sun|access-date=2021-06-23|website=CERN|language=en}}</ref>