Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Central limit theorem
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
===Common misconceptions=== Studies have shown that the central limit theorem is subject to several common but serious misconceptions, some of which appear in widely used textbooks.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Brewer |first=J. K. |date=1985 |title=Behavioral statistics textbooks: Source of myths and misconceptions? |journal=Journal of Educational Statistics |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=252–268|doi=10.3102/10769986010003252 |s2cid=119611584 }}</ref><ref>Yu, C.; Behrens, J.; Spencer, A. Identification of Misconception in the Central Limit Theorem and Related Concepts, ''American Educational Research Association'' lecture 19 April 1995</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sotos |first1=A. E. C. |last2=Vanhoof |first2=S. |last3=Van den Noortgate |first3=W. |last4=Onghena |first4=P. |date=2007 |title=Students' misconceptions of statistical inference: A review of the empirical evidence from research on statistics education |journal=Educational Research Review |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=98–113|doi=10.1016/j.edurev.2007.04.001 |url=https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/136347 }}</ref> These include: * The misconceived belief that the theorem applies to random sampling of any variable, rather than to the mean values (or sums) of [[iid]] random variables extracted from a population by repeated sampling. That is, the theorem assumes the random sampling produces a sampling distribution formed from different values of means (or sums) of such random variables. * The misconceived belief that the theorem ensures that random sampling leads to the emergence of a normal distribution for sufficiently large samples of any random variable, regardless of the population distribution. In reality, such sampling asymptotically reproduces the properties of the population, an intuitive result underpinned by the [[Glivenko–Cantelli theorem]]. * The misconceived belief that the theorem leads to a good approximation of a normal distribution for sample sizes greater than around 30,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-02 |title=Sampling distribution of the sample mean |format=video |website=Khan Academy |url=https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability/sampling-distributions-library/sample-means/v/sampling-distribution-of-the-sample-mean |access-date=2023-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602200310/https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability/sampling-distributions-library/sample-means/v/sampling-distribution-of-the-sample-mean |archive-date=2 June 2023 }}</ref> allowing reliable inferences regardless of the nature of the population. In reality, this empirical rule of thumb has no valid justification, and can lead to seriously flawed inferences. See [[Z-test]] for where the approximation holds.
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)