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===Airflow and environmental control=== [[Airflow]] management is the practice of achieving data center [[computer cooling|cooling]] efficiency by preventing the recirculation of hot exhaust air and by reducing bypass airflow. Common approaches include hot-aisle/cold-aisle containment and the deployment of in-row cooling units which position cooling directly between server racks to intercept exhaust heat before it mixes with room air.<ref name="fox">{{cite news |author=Mike Fox |title=Stulz announced it has begun manufacturing In Row server cooling units under the name "CyberRow". |url=http://datacenterfix.com/news/stulz-release-cyberrow-row-cooling-units |access-date=27 February 2012 |newspaper=DataCenterFix |date=15 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301084918/http://www.datacenterfix.com/news/stulz-release-cyberrow-row-cooling-units |archive-date=1 March 2012}}</ref> Maintaining suitable temperature and humidity levels is critical to preventing equipment damage caused by [[Overheating (electricity)|overheating]]. Overheating can cause components, usually the silicon or copper of the wires or circuits to melt, causing connections to loosen, causing fire hazards. Typical control methods include: * [[Air conditioning]] * Indirect cooling, such as the use of outside air,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS141369+14-Sep-2009+PRN20090914 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090926171248/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS141369+14-Sep-2009+PRN20090914 |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 September 2009 |work=Reuters |title=tw telecom and NYSERDA Announce Co-location Expansion |date=14 September 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.datacenterdynamics.com/focus/archive/2013/09/air-air-combat-indirect-air-cooling-wars-0 |title=Air to air combat β indirect air cooling wars}}</ref><ref group="note">Indirect systems can reduce or eliminate the need for mechanical chillers or conventional air conditioners, resulting in energy savings.</ref> Indirect Evaporative Cooling (IDEC) units, and seawater cooling. Humidity control not only prevents moisture-related issues: importantly, excess humidity can cause dust to adhere more readily to fan blades and heat sinks, impeding air cooling leading to higher temperatures.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Importance of Humidity Management in Data Centres and comms Rooms |url=https://treske.com.au/blogs/treske-business-blogs/the-importance-of-humidity-management-in-data-centres-and-comms-rooms-ensuring-optimal-performance-and-reliability |website=Treske Pty Limited |language=en |date=10 February 2024}}</ref> ====Aisle containment==== Cold aisle containment is done by exposing the rear of equipment racks, while the fronts of the servers are enclosed with doors and covers. This is similar to how large-scale food companies refrigerate and store their products.[[File:Cabinet Asile.jpg|thumb|upright|Typical cold aisle configuration with server rack fronts facing each other and cold air distributed through the [[raised floor]]]] Computer cabinets/[[Server farm]]s are often organized for containment of hot/cold aisles. Proper air duct placement prevents the cold and hot air from mixing. Rows of cabinets are paired to face each other so that the cool and hot air intakes and exhausts don't mix air, which would severely reduce cooling efficiency. Alternatively, a range of underfloor panels can create efficient cold air pathways directed to the raised-floor vented tiles. Either the cold aisle or the hot aisle can be contained.<ref>[http://www.missioncriticalmagazine.com/ext/resources/MC/Home/Files/PDFs/WP-APC-Hot_vs_Cold_Aisle.pdf/ Hot-Aisle vs. Cold-Aisle Containment for Data Centers], John Niemann, Kevin Brown, and Victor Avelar, APC by Schneider Electric White Paper 135, Revision 1</ref><!-- Suggested edit: Alternatively, the hot air can be funneled into the raised flooring tiles instead for more efficient air handling. --> Another option is fitting cabinets with vertical exhaust duct [[chimney]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://patents.justia.com/patent/20180042143|title=US Patent Application for DUCTED EXHAUST EQUIPMENT ENCLOSURE Patent Application (Application #20180042143 issued February 8, 2018) - Justia Patents Search|website=patents.justia.com|language=en|access-date=2018-04-17}}</ref> Hot exhaust pipes/vents/ducts can direct the air into a [[Plenum space]] above a [[Dropped ceiling]] and back to the cooling units or to outside vents. With this configuration, traditional hot/cold aisle configuration is not a requirement.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://datacenterfrontier.com/airflow-management-basics-comparing-containment-systems|title=Airflow Management Basics β Comparing Containment Systems β’ Data Center Frontier|date=2017-07-27|work=Data Center Frontier|access-date=2018-04-17|archive-date=2019-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219015621/https://datacenterfrontier.com/airflow-management-basics-comparing-containment-systems/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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