Editing Gilbertese language (section)

=== Demonstratives ===
The Gilbertese language employs a system of demonstratives to indicate the spatial proximity of the referent to the speaker. These demonstratives are postnominal, meaning they follow the noun they modify.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Trussel |first=Stephen |title=Kiribati (Gilbertese): Grammar Handbook |publisher=Vermont Peace Corps Language Handbook Series |year=1979 |location=The Experiment Press |pages=126–129 |chapter=Lesson 19 |chapter-url=https://www.trussel.com/kir/lessons/gramlesson19.pdf}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Basic
! colspan="2" |Masculine
!Feminine
!Human
! colspan="2" |Neuter
! colspan="2" |Translation
|-
! <small>singular</small> || <small>plural</small>
! <small>singular</small> || <small>plural</small>
! <small>singular</small> || <small>plural</small>
! <small>singular</small> || <small>plural</small>
!<small>singular</small>
!<small>plural</small>
|-
!Proximal
|''aei''
|''aikai''
|''teuaaei''
|''uaakai''
|''neiei''
|''naakai''
|''te baei''
|''baikai''
|“this” (this here, near me)
|“these”
|-
!Medial
|''anne''
|''akanne''
|''teuaanne''
|''uakanne''
|''neienne''
|''naakanne''
|''te baenne''
|''baikanne''
|“that” (near you but far from me)
|“those”
|-
!Distal
|''arei''
|''akekei''
|''teuaarei''
|''uaakekei''
|''neierei''
|''naakekei''
|''te baerei''
|''baikekei''
|“that” (far away from both of us)
|“those”
|}

The feminine demonstrative has no plural form, as opposed to the masculine, and the human plural encapsulates groups of mixed gender.

Adverbial pronouns<ref name=":0" /> also have a three-way distinction of distance: [[Demonstrative#Contrasts in demonstrative systems|proximal, medial and distal]].
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Relative
! colspan="2" |Demonstrative
|-
!Time
!Place
|-
!Proximal
|''ngkai, ngkae'' (“now that”)
|''ngkai'' (“now”)
|''ikai'' (“here”)
|-
!Medial
|''ngkana'' (future “when/if”)
|''ngkanne'' (future “then”)
|''ikanne'' (“there,” near you)
|-
!Distal
|''ngke'' (past “when/if”)
|''ngkekei'' (past “then”)
|''ikekei'' (“there,” far from us)
|}
''{{Lang|gil|Ngke}}'' is used for hypothetical scenarios that would have an effect today, have they changed in the past. ''{{Lang|gil|Ngkana}}'' is used for situations whereof the outcome or truth is not yet known.