Editing Gyeongju (section)

==Economy==
{{see also|Economy of South Korea}}
[[File:Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg|thumb|alt=Two boats anchor in a harbor on the right. Blue skies and the sea are clear and tranquil.|Gampo Port]]
The economy of Gyeongju is diverse.<ref name="Industry" /><ref name="Brit Transport" /> Although tourism is important to the economy, most residents work in other fields. Over 27,000 are employed in manufacturing compared to roughly 13,500 in the hospitality industry.
The number involved in tourism has remained constant over recent years, while the manufacturing sector added about 6,000 jobs from 1999 to 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2004/statistical/005_003.htm |title=3. Number of Establishments and workers, by Industry |work=Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2004 |access-date=2009-09-08 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The manufacturing sector is closely tied to nearby cities, utilizing Gyeongju's transit links with [[Ulsan]], [[Pohang]], and [[Daegu]].<ref name="Industry" /><ref name="Tamásy" /><ref>{{cite news
 |url          = http://www.chosun.com/national/news/200602/200602010568.html
 |script-title = ko:경주 양성자가속기 유치전 '가속'
 |author       = Choe Jae-hun (최재훈)
 |publisher=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]
 |language     = ko
 |date         = 2006-02-01
 |access-date   = 2009-09-08
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110612022413/http://www.chosun.com/national/news/200602/200602010568.html
 |archive-date = 2011-06-12
 |url-status     = dead
}}</ref> As in Ulsan and Daegu the automotive parts industry plays an important role.<ref name="Lee, Sungkyun" /> Of the 1,221 businesses incorporated in Gyeongju almost a third are involved in  auto-parts manufacture.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_11&main=1&sub=2&cor=1 |script-title=ko:지역경제 |trans-title=Local economy |publisher=Gyeongju city website |access-date=2009-08-02 |language=ko |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613163438/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_11&main=1&sub=2&cor=1 |archive-date=June 13, 2011 }}</ref>

Fishing takes place in coastal towns, especially in [[Gampo-eup]] in the city's northeast, with 436 registered fishing craft in the city.<ref name="gyeongju1"/> Fishing industry in Gyeongju is generally in a declined status due to relatively inconvenient transport conditions and lacks of subordinate facilities.<ref name="Brit Transport" /> Much of the catch from these boats goes direct from the harbor to Gyeongju's many seafood restaurants. Mainly, [[sauries]], anchovies and [[Batoidea|rays]] are harvested and a small number of [[abalone]] and [[wakame]] farming takes place. Local specialties include ''[[myeolchijeot]]'' (fermented anchovy), abalone, wakame, and squid.<ref name="Eup Myeon">{{cite web|url=http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008029 |script-title=ko:경주시의 읍·면 |trans-title=Eup and myeon of Gyeongju |publisher=Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture |access-date=2009-09-16 |language=ko |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610064001/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008029 |archive-date=2011-06-10 }}</ref>

[[File:Korea-Gyeongju-Rice paddy field-01.jpg|thumb|alt=Yellow paddy fields and green hills during autumn|Paddy fields in Gyeongju]]
Agriculture is still important, particularly in the outlying regions of Gyeongju. According to the 2006 statistical yearbook of Gyeongju, rice fields occupy an area of {{convert|169.57|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, which is 70% of the total cultivated acreage of {{convert|24359|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. The remaining {{convert|74.02|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} consists of fields under other crops and farmsteads. Crop production is centered in the fertile river basins near the [[Hyeongsan River]]. The main crops are rice, barley, beans and corn. Vegetables such as [[radish]] and [[napa cabbage]] and fruits are also important crops. Apples are mainly produced in the districts of [[Geoncheon-eup]], [[Gangdong-myeon, Gyeongju|Gangdong-myeon]] and [[Cheonbuk-myeon, Gyeongju|Cheonbuk-myeon]] and [[Korean pear]] are cultivated in Geoncheon-eup and [[Angang-eup]]. The city plays a leading role in the domestic production of [[beef]] and [[mushroom]]s. [[Button mushroom]]s harvested in Geoncheon-eup are canned and exported.<ref name="Industry" /> The cultivated acreage and the number of households engaging in agriculture is however declining.<ref name="Brit Transport" />

A small amount of [[quarry]]ing activity takes place in the city, with 46 active mines and quarries in Gyeongju. Most are engaged in the extraction of [[kaolin]], [[fluorspar]] and [[Agalmatolite]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/7.pdf |title=7. Mining and manufacturing; Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2008 |publisher=Gyeongju City |access-date=2009-08-20 |pages=237–239 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005095344/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/7.pdf |archive-date=October 5, 2023 }}</ref> and Kaolin is exported.<ref name="Doosan Industry">{{cite web |url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=724220&contentno=724220 |script-title=ko:경주시 Gyeongju-si 慶州市 |work=III.산업 (III.Industry) |publisher=[[Doosan Encyclopedia]] |language=ko |access-date=2009-08-20 }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

[[File:Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong Market-Fruit shop-01.jpg|thumb|alt=A female customer browsing a fruit shop. Banana and grapes are displayed on the front.|A fruit shop at [[Seongdong Market]]]]
As the capital of Silla, commerce and trading in Gyeongju developed early on. ''[[Samguk sagi]]'' has records on the establishment of ''Gyeongdosi'' (capital area market) in March, 490 during [[Soji of Silla|King Soji]]'s reign, and ''Dongsi'' (East Market) in 509, during [[Jijeung of Silla|King Jijeung]]'s reign. In the 1830s, Gyeongju had five five-day markets which remained very active until the late 1920s. Due to its size ''Gyeongju Bunaejang'' (Gyeongju village market) was referred to as one of the two leading markets in the [[Yeongnam]] area, along with ''[[Daegu]] Bunaejang''. Transportation developed in the late period of the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese occupation]], as the [[Jungang Line]] and the [[Daegu Line]] and the connecting route between [[Pohang]] and the northwestern part of Japan were set up, leading to increasing population and developing commerce. After the 1960s, traditional periodic markets gradually transformed into regular markets as the city was flourishing. In periodic markets, agricultural and marine products, industrial products, living necessaries, wild edible greens, herbs, and cattle are mainly traded. As of 2006, Gyeongju had eight regular markets, nine periodic markets and the Gyeongju department store. Traditional periodic markets declined and have become token affairs these days.<ref name="Industry" /><ref name="Brit Transport" />