Editing Heat exchanger (section)

=== Microchannel ===
Microchannel heat exchangers are multi-pass parallel flow heat exchangers consisting of three main elements: manifolds (inlet and outlet), multi-port tubes with the hydraulic diameters smaller than 1mm, and fins. All the elements usually brazed together using controllable atmosphere brazing process. Microchannel heat exchangers are characterized by high heat transfer ratio, low refrigerant charges, compact size, and lower airside pressure drops compared to finned tube heat exchangers.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} Microchannel heat exchangers are widely used in automotive industry as the car radiators, and as condenser, evaporator, and cooling/heating coils in HVAC industry.{{Main|Micro heat exchanger}}
'''Micro heat exchangers''', '''Micro-scale heat exchangers''',  or '''microstructured heat exchangers''' are heat exchangers in which (at least one) [[fluid]] flows in lateral confinements with typical dimensions below 1&nbsp;mm. The most typical such confinement are [[microchannel heat exchanger|microchannels]], which are channels with a [[hydraulic diameter]] below 1&nbsp;mm. Microchannel heat exchangers can be made from metal or ceramics.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Kee Robert J. | year = 2011 | title = The design, fabrication, and evaluation of a ceramic counter-flow microchannel heat exchanger | journal = Applied Thermal Engineering | volume = 31 | issue = 11| pages = 2004–2012 | doi=10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.03.009| bibcode = 2011AppTE..31.2004K |display-authors=etal}}</ref> Microchannel heat exchangers can be used for many applications including:
* high-performance aircraft [[gas turbine engines]]<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Northcutt B. |author2=Mudawar I. | year = 2012 | title = Enhanced design of cross-flow microchannel heat exchanger module for high-performance aircraft gas turbine engines | journal = Journal of Heat Transfer | volume = 134 | issue = 6| page = 061801 | doi=10.1115/1.4006037}}</ref>
* [[heat pumps]]<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Moallem E. |author2=Padhmanabhan S. |author3=Cremaschi L. |author4=Fisher D. E. | year = 2012 | title = Experimental investigation of the surface temperature and water retention effects on the frosting performance of a compact microchannel heat exchanger for heat pump systems | journal = International Journal of Refrigeration | volume = 35 | issue = 1| pages = 171–186 | doi=10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2011.08.010}}</ref>
* [[Microprocessor]] and [[microchip]] [[cooling]]<ref>Sarvar-Ardeh, S., Rafee, R., Rashidi, S. (2021). Hybrid nanofluids with temperature-dependent properties for use in double-layered microchannel heat sink; hydrothermal investigation. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. cite journal https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2021.05.007</ref>
* [[air conditioning]]<ref>Xu, B., Shi, J., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Li, F., & Li, D. (2014). Experimental Study of Fouling Performance of Air Conditioning System with Microchannel Heat Exchanger.</ref>