Editing Ho language (section)

== Vocabulary ==
Most of the Ho basic vocabulary is of Munda origin, with cognates in other Kherwarian languages, undated old borrowings from Indo-Aryan languages also exist, such as ''kolom'', 'threasing floor', ''datarom'' 'a sickle', ''sutam'' 'a thread', ''gotom'' 'ghee' and ''parkom'' 'a cot'. In recent years, increased number of words from Hindi, English and Odia have been entering the language due to increased contact. Ho numbers are almost entirely out of practical use, being supplanted by Hindi numbers, except for one, two and three.

Ho lexicon reflects close association with nature, including numerous onomatopoeias arising from cries of different animals along with 'expressives' to describe sounds in nature.<ref>Badenoch, Nathan & Osada, Toshiki. (2019). Dictionary of Mundari Expressives. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335125477_Dictionary_of_Mundari_Expressives</ref>

Ho, like other Kherwarian languages, has lexical differentiation in many of its verbs, whereby different words exist to express distinctions within a single concept. For example, ''maḱ'' 'to cut with a striking motion', ''hat́'' 'to cut with a sawing motion', ''ir'' 'to reap with a sickle', ''get́'' 'to cut with cutting tool being stationary', ''paaḱ'' 'to split firewood with an axe', ''laṭaṕ'' 'to clip hair etc.', ''hese'' 'to clear branches etc. by cutting', ''banḍić'' 'to cut the extremities', ''topaṅ/tobaṅ '''to sever with a single striking motion', ''samaḱ'' 'to cut into small pieces'.

Many words are derived using affixes.
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Affix'''
|'''Examples'''
|-
|'''a-'''
|''nú'' 'to drink' → ''anu'' 'to cause/make to drink', ''jom'' 'to eat' → ''ajom'' 'to feed', ''kiriṅ'' → ''akiriṅ'' 'to cause to buy (to sell)', ''sen'' 'to walk' → ''asen'' 'to cause to walk (to help someone walk), to transport'
|-
|'''-n-'''
|''nel'' 'to see' → ''nenel'' 'a view, an opinion', ''duṕ'' 'to sit' → ''dunuṕ'' 'a meeting', ''saṕ'' 'to hold' → ''sanaṕ'' 'a handle', ''roḱ'' 'to carve' → ''ronoḱ'' 'a carving'
|-
|'''-p-'''
|''got́'' 'to pluck' → ''gopot́'' 'the petiole', ''kuli'' 'to ask' → ''kupuli'' 'to ask each other', ''kupul'' 'a relative', ''hon'' 'a child' → ''hopon'' 'descendants', ''seet́'' 'son' → ''sepeet́'' 'a youth'
|-
|'''-t-'''
|''numu'' 'a name' → ''nutum'' 'to name; a name', ''bor'' 'to pull out a string etc.' → ''botor'' 'a train of cloth etc.', ''aagom'' 'a levelling plank' → ''ataagom'' 'to level with a plank; a levelling plank'
|-
|'''-m-'''
|''hon'' 'son' → ''homon'' 'a woman's brother's son', ''hoo'' 'human' → ''homoo'' 'the body', ''laḱ'' 'to scrape' → ''lamaḱ'' 'the bean pod of a tree (used as a scraper)'
|-
|'''m-'''
|''arsal'' 'to shine light' → ''marsal'' 'light', ''raḱ'' 'to cry' → ''maraḱ'' 'a peacock'
|-
|'''-r-'''
|''oṅ'' 'to blow' → ''oroṅ'' 'to play a wind instrument', ''ugum'' 'hot and sultry' → ''urgum'' 'warm', ''kaji'' 'to say' → ''karji'' 'a messenger', ''akit́'' 'to gather' → ''arkit́'' 'to abduct', ''teteć'' 'moonlight' → ''terteć'' 'dim light'
|-
|'''r-'''
|anjet́ 'to dry up' → ranjet́ 'to cause to dry up'
|-
|'''k-'''
|eset́ 'to block' → keset́ 'to cause to block'
|}