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Interlingue
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==== Consonants ==== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |[[Labial consonant|Labial]] ! colspan="2" scope="col" |[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |[[Postalveolar consonant|Post-alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |[[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |[[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |[[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- !{{Small|plain}} !{{Small|sib.}} |- ! colspan="2" scope="row" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] |{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|n}} | | | |{{IPA link|ŋ}} | |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Plosive]]/<br />[[affricate]] ! scope="row" |{{small|[[Fortis and lenis|fortis]]}} |{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|t}} |{{IPA link|t͡s}} | | |{{IPA link|k}} | |- ! scope="row" |{{small|[[Fortis and lenis|lenis]]}} |{{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|d}} |{{IPA link|d͡z}} | | |{{IPA link|ɡ}} | |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Fricative]] ! scope="row" |{{small|fortis}} |{{IPA link|f}} | |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|ʃ}} | | | rowspan="2" scope="row" |{{IPA link|h}} |- ! scope="row" |{{small|lenis}} |{{IPA link|v}} | |{{IPA link|z}} |{{IPA link|ʒ}} | | |- ! colspan="2" scope="row" |[[Approximant]] | |{{IPA link|l}} | |{{IPA link|ɹ|r}} |{{IPA link|j}} |{{IPA link|w}} | |} The consonants are pronounced as in English, with the following exceptions:<ref name="pbbasis" /> *'''c''' when before e and i = {{IPA|ie|ts|label=}}: {{lang|ie|cive}}, {{lang|ie|helice}}, and otherwise as {{IPA|ie|k|label=}} *'''g''' when before e and i = {{IPA|ie|ʒ|label=}}, French j, or English s in pleasure: {{lang|ie|plage}}, {{lang|ie|giraffe}}; but elsewhere c and g are hard as in can, go *'''ss''' = {{IPA|ie|s|label=}} as in {{lang|ie|pass}} *'''s''' between vowels = {{IPA|ie|z|label=}}: {{lang|ie|rose}}, {{lang|ie|positiv}} *'''z''' = {{IPA|ie|dz|label=}} *'''zz''' = {{IPA|ie|ts|label=}} *'''ch''' = {{IPA|ie|ʃ|label=}}, English sh: {{lang|ie|chambre}} *'''j''' = {{IPA|ie|ʒ|label=}}, French j, or English s in pleasure *'''t''' as {{IPA|ie|t|label=}}, except when followed by ia, io, iu, or ie and not preceded by an s. Thus the t in {{lang|ie|nation}} is pronounced {{IPA|ie|ts|label=}} but in {{lang|ie|bastion}} as {{IPA|ie|t|label=}}. Other doubled consonants are pronounced as a single consonant, unless when separated they would be pronounced differently. Ex. {{lang|ie|grammatica}} is pronounced as if written {{lang|ie|gramatica}}, but {{lang|ie|acceptar}} and {{lang|ie|suggestion}} are pronounced as if written as '''ac''' followed by '''ceptar''', and '''sug''' followed by '''gestion'''.<ref name="pbgrammar" />
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