Editing Microscopic scale (section)

=== Biochemistry ===

==== Human cells ====
Genetic manipulation of energy-regulating [[Mitochondrion|mitochondria]] under microscopic principles has also been found to extend organism lifespan, tackling age-associated issues in humans such as [[Parkinson's disease|Parkinson's]], [[Alzheimer's disease|Alzheimer's]] and [[multiple sclerosis]]. By increasing the amount of energy products made by mitochondria, the lifespan of its cell, and thus organism, increases.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The microscopic structures that could hold the key to a longer, healthier life {{!}} Research and Innovation |url=https://ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/en/horizon-magazine/microscopic-structures-could-hold-key-longer-healthier-life |access-date=2022-05-12 |website=ec.europa.eu |date=18 August 2014 |language=en}}</ref>

==== DNA ====
Microscopic analysis of the spatial distribution of points within [[DNA]] [[heterochromatin]] [[centromere]]s emphasise the role of the centromeric regions of chromosomes in nuclei undergoing the [[interphase]] part of cell [[mitosis]]. Such microscopic observations suggest nonrandom distribution and precise structure of centromeres during mitosis is a vital contributor to successful cell function and growth, even in cancer cells.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Fleischer |first1=Frank |title=Analysis of Spatial Point Patterns in Microscopic and Macroscopic Biological Image Data |date=2006-01-01 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226550759 |work=Case Studies in Spatial Point Process Modeling |pages=235–260 |isbn=978-0-387-28311-1 |access-date=2022-05-12 |last2=Beil |first2=Michael |last3=Kazda |first3=Marian |last4=Schmidt |first4=Volker}}</ref>