Editing Net metering (section)

=== European Union ===
Denmark established net-metering for privately owned PV systems in mid-1998 for a pilot-period of four years. In 2002 the net-metering scheme was extended another four years up to end of 2006. Net-metering has proved to be a cheap, easy to administer and effective way of stimulating the deployment of PV in Denmark; however the relative short time window of the arrangement has so far prevented it from reaching its full potential. During the political negotiations in the fall of 2005 the net-metering for privately owned PV systems was made permanent.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iea-pvps.org/ar/ar07/07ar_Denmark.pdf |title=Denmark PV Technology Status and Prospects |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080908054452/http://www.iea-pvps.org/ar/ar07/07ar_Denmark.pdf |archive-date=8 September 2008}}</ref>

The Netherlands has net-metering since 2004.<ref>[https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/kst-29372-45.html officielebekendmakingen.nl], ''Wijziging van de Elektriciteitswet 1998 en de Gaswet ter uitvoering van richtlijn nr. 2003/54/EG'' (in Dutch)</ref> Initially there was a limit of 3000 kWh per year. Later this limit was increased to 5000 kWh. The limit was removed altogether on January 1, 2014.<ref>[https://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/kst-33493-C.html officielebekendmakingen.nl], ''Wijziging van de Elektriciteitswet 1998, de Gaswet en de Warmtewet en de Warmtewet'' (in Dutch)</ref>

Italy offers a support scheme, mixing net-metering and a well segmented premium  [[Feed-in tariff|FiT]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/events/2009/20091120/epia_en.pdf |title=2013 Global Market Outlook for Photovoltaics until 2013 |access-date=2013-12-15}}</ref>

Slovenia has annual net-metering since January 2016 for up to 11 kVA. In a calendar year up to 10 MVA can be installed in the country.<ref>[http://www.uradni-list.si/1/objava.jsp?sop=2015-01-3804 uradni-list.si], ''Uredba o samooskrbi z električno energijo iz obnovljivih virov energije'' (in Slovene)</ref>

In 2010, [[Renewable energy in Spain|Spain, net-metering]] has been proposed by the ''Asociación de la Industria Fotovoltaica'' (ASIF) to promote [[renewable electricity]], without requiring additional economic support.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.epia.org/policy/national-policies/spain/interview-with-the-national-pv-associations/interview-with-javier-anta-president-of-asif.html |title=Country Focus: Spain |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225153308/http://www.epia.org/policy/national-policies/spain/interview-with-the-national-pv-associations/interview-with-javier-anta-president-of-asif.html |archive-date=25 February 2010}}</ref> Net-metering for privately owned systems will be established in 2019, after Royal Decree 244/2019<ref>[https://boe.es/boe/dias/2019/04/06/pdfs/BOE-A-2019-5089.pdf boe.es] ''Boletín Oficial del estado''</ref> was accepted by the government on April 5.<ref>[https://www.eldiario.es/ballenablanca/transicion_energetica/Guia-nuevas-autoconsumo-ahorrar-solares_0_885411703.html eldiario.es]; ''Guía de las nuevas reglas de autoconsumo: cómo ahorrar con unas placas solares en casa''</ref>

Some form of net metering is now proposed by ''[[Électricité de France]]''. According to their website, energy produced by home-owners is bought at a higher price than what is charged as consumers. Hence, some recommend to sell all energy produced, and buy back all energy needed at a lower price. The price has been fixed for 20 years by the government.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bleuciel.edf.com/projets-et-travaux/je-passe-aux-energies-renouvelables/decouvrir-4-solutions-48030.html#open4 |title=Je passe aux énergies renouvelables |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120421210127/http://bleuciel.edf.com/projets-et-travaux/je-passe-aux-energies-renouvelables/decouvrir-4-solutions-48030.html#open4 |archive-date=2012-04-21 |lang=fr |work=bleuciel.edf.com }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |work=bati-depot.fr |url=http://www.bati-depot.fr/solaire/photovoltaique/electricite-solaire/photovoltaique-connexion-reseau.html |title=Devenez producteur d'électricité |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208220615/http://www.bati-depot.fr/solaire/photovoltaique/electricite-solaire/photovoltaique-connexion-reseau.html |archive-date=8 February 2007 |language=French }}</ref>

Ireland is planning to implement a net metering system, under the "Micro-generation Support Scheme".

Under the proposed scheme, micro-generators can sell 30% of the excess electricity they produce and export it back to the grid. The price that electricity will be sold at is being formulated during the consultation process.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCormack|first=Cian|date=2021-02-04|title=Scheme to sell electricity expected by summer|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/environment/2021/0204/1194990-electric-grid/ |work=rte.ie |language=en}}</ref>

[[Poland]] has introduced net metering for private and commercial renewable energy sources of up to 50&nbsp;kW in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=wdu20150000478|title = Ustawa z dnia 20 lutego 2015 r. O odnawialnych źródłach energii}}</ref> Under this legislation energy sent to grid must be used within one year from feed-in, otherwise it is considered as lost. The amount of energy that was exported and can be taken back by the user is subtracted by 20% for installations up to 10&nbsp;kW, or by 30% for installations up to 50&nbsp;kW. This legislation guarantees that this net metering policy will be kept for a minimum of 15 years from the moment of registering renewable energy source. This legislation together with government subsidies for microgeneration created a substantial boost in installations of [[Solar power in Poland|PV systems in Poland]].

Portugal has a very limited form of "net-metering" that is constrained to 15 minute periods where the excess injected in the grid is not compensated when above the consumption from the grid within each 15 minute period. Only the injected energy up to the consumed energy within the same 15 minute period is netted out of the final monthly bill. In fact the old analog electricity meters that would allow for true net-metering are immediately replaced when a consumer installs solar pv.