Editing Optical coherence tomography (section)

=== Cardiology ===
{{main|Intravascular optical coherence tomography}}
In the settings of cardiology, OCT is used to image [[coronary arteries]] to visualize vessel wall lumen morphology and microstructure at a resolution ~10 times higher than other existing modalities such as [[intravascular ultrasound]]s, and x-ray angiography ([[intracoronary optical coherence tomography]]). For this type of application, 1&nbsp;mm in diameter or smaller fiber-optics catheters are used to access artery lumen through semi-invasive interventions such as [[percutaneous coronary intervention]]s.

The first demonstration of endoscopic OCT was reported in 1997, by researchers in Fujimoto's laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tearney GJ, Brezinski ME, Bouma BE, Boppart SA, Pitris C, Southern JF, Fujimoto JG | title = In vivo endoscopic optical biopsy with optical coherence tomography | journal = Science | volume = 276 | issue = 5321 | pages = 2037–2039 | date = June 1997 | pmid = 9197265 | doi = 10.1126/science.276.5321.2037 | s2cid = 43035300 }}</ref> The first TD-OCT imaging catheter and system was commercialized by [[LightLab Imaging, Inc.]], a company based in Massachusetts in 2006. The first FD-OCT imaging study was reported by [[Massachusetts General Hospital]] in 2008.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tearney GJ, Waxman S, Shishkov M, Vakoc BJ, Suter MJ, Freilich MI, Desjardins AE, Oh WY, Bartlett LA, Rosenberg M, Bouma BE | display-authors = 6 | title = Three-dimensional coronary artery microscopy by intracoronary optical frequency domain imaging | journal = JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging | volume = 1 | issue = 6 | pages = 752–761 | date = November 2008 | pmid = 19356512 | pmc = 2852244 | doi = 10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.06.007 }}</ref>  Intracoronary FD-OCT was first introduced in the market in 2009 by LightLab Imaging, Inc.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lightlab-imaging-returns-to-europcr-2010-with-strong-and-growing-worldwide-acceptance-of-c7-xr-oct-imaging-system-94607959.html |title=LightLab launches FD-OCT in Europe |access-date=9 September 2016}}</ref> followed by [[Terumo]] Corporation in 2012 and by Gentuity LLC in 2020.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bezerra HG, Quimby DL, Matar F, Mohanty BD, Bassily E, Ughi GJ | title = High-Frequency Optical Coherence Tomography (HF-OCT) for Preintervention Coronary Imaging: A First-in-Human Study | journal = JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging | volume = 16 | issue = 7 | pages = 982–984 | date = July 2023 | pmid = 37407126 | doi = 10.1016/j.jcmg.2023.01.013 | s2cid = 258115402 }}</ref> The higher acquisition speed of FD-OCT enabled the widespread adoption of this imaging technology for coronary artery imaging. It is estimated that over 100,000 FD-OCT coronary imaging cases are performed yearly, and that the market is increasing by approximately 20% every year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bioopticsworld.com/articles/print/volume-9/issue-6/optical-coherence-tomography-beyond-better-clinical-care-oct-s-economic-impact.html |title=Optical Coherence Tomography: Beyond better clinical care: OCT's economic impact | vauthors = Swanson E |date=13 June 2016 |website=BioOptics World |access-date=9 September 2016}}</ref>

Other developments of intracoronary OCT included the combination with other optical imaging modalities for multi-modality imaging. Intravascular OCT has been combined with near-infrared [[intravascular fluorescence|fluorescence molecular imaging]] (NIRF) to enhance its capability to detect molecular/functional and tissue morphological information simultaneously.<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Ughi GJ, Wang H, Gerbaud E, Gardecki JA, Fard AM, Hamidi E, Vacas-Jacques P, Rosenberg M, Jaffer FA, Tearney GJ |date=November 2016 |title=Clinical Characterization of Coronary Atherosclerosis With Dual-Modality OCT and Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Imaging |journal=JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging |volume=9 |issue=11 |pages=1304–1314 |doi=10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.11.020 |pmc=5010789 |pmid=26971006}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Hara T, Ughi GJ, McCarthy JR, Erdem SS, Mauskapf A, Lyon SC, Fard AM, Edelman ER, Tearney GJ, Jaffer FA |date=February 2017 |title=Intravascular fibrin molecular imaging improves the detection of unhealed stents assessed by optical coherence tomography in vivo |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=447–455 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehv677 |pmc=5837565 |pmid=26685129}}</ref> In a similar way, combination with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been implemented.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fard AM, Vacas-Jacques P, Hamidi E, Wang H, Carruth RW, Gardecki JA, Tearney GJ |date=December 2013 |title=Optical coherence tomography--near infrared spectroscopy system and catheter for intravascular imaging |journal=Optics Express |volume=21 |issue=25 |pages=30849–30858 |bibcode=2013OExpr..2130849F |doi=10.1364/OE.21.030849 |pmc=3926541 |pmid=24514658}}</ref>